Importance Premenstrual disorders are heritable, clinically heterogenous, with a range of affective spectrum comorbidities. It is unclear whether genetic predispositions to affective spectrum disorders or other major psychiatric disorders are associated with symptoms of premenstrual disorders. Objective To assesss whether symptoms of premenstrual disorders are associated with the genetic liability for major psychiatric disorders, as indexed by polygenic risk scores (PRSs). Design, Setting, and Participants Women from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study were included in this genetic association study. PRSs were used to determine whether genetic liability for major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder were associated with the symptoms of premenstrual disorders, using the PRS for height as a somatic comparator. The sample was recruited across Norway between June 1999 and December 2008, and analyses were performed from July 1 to October 14, 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures The symptoms of premenstrual disorders were assessed at recruitment at week 15 of pregnancy with self-reported severity of depression and irritability before menstruation. Logistic regression was applied to test for the association between the presence of premenstrual disorder symptoms and the PRSs for major psychiatric disorders. Results The mean (SD) age of 56 725 women included in the study was 29.0 (4.6) years. Premenstrual disorder symptoms were present in 12 316 of 56 725 participants (21.7%). The symptoms of premenstrual disorders were associated with the PRSs for major depression (β = 0.13; 95% CI, 0.11-0.15; P = 1.21 × 10-36), bipolar disorder (β = 0.07; 95% CI, 0.05-0.09; P = 1.74 × 10-11), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (β = 0.07; 95% CI, 0.04-0.09; P = 1.58 × 10-9), schizophrenia (β = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.09-0.13; P = 7.61 × 10-25), and autism spectrum disorder (β = 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01-0.05; P = .02) but not with the PRS for height. The findings were confirmed in a subsample of women without a history of psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusions The results of this genetic association study show that genetic liability for both affective spectrum disorder and major psychiatric disorders was associated with symptoms of premenstrual disorders, indicating that premenstrual disorders have overlapping genetic foundations with major psychiatric disorders.

中文翻译：

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经前疾病症状与主要精神疾病的多基因责任之间的关联。

重要性 经前疾病具有遗传性、临床异质性，并伴有一系列情感谱系合并症。目前尚不清楚情感谱系障碍或其他主要精神疾病的遗传倾向是否与经前期疾病的症状有关。目的 评估经前疾病的症状是否与主要精神疾病的遗传倾向相关，如多基因风险评分 (PRS) 所示。设计、背景和参与者 来自挪威母亲、父亲和儿童队列研究的女性被纳入这项遗传关联研究。PRS 用于确定重度抑郁症、双相情感障碍、精神分裂症、注意力缺陷/多动症、和自闭症谱系障碍与经前疾病的症状相关，使用 PRS 身高作为躯体比较器。该样本于 1999 年 6 月至 2008 年 12 月期间在挪威各地招募，并于 2022 年 7 月 1 日至 10 月 14 日进行分析。 主要结果和措施 在怀孕第 15 周招募时评估经前疾病症状，自我报告的严重程度为月经前抑郁、烦躁。应用 Logistic 回归来检验经前疾病症状的存在与主要精神疾病的 PRS 之间的关联。结果 参与研究的 56 725 名女性的平均 (SD) 年龄为 29.0 (4.6) 岁。56 725 名参与者中，有 12 316 名（21.7%）存在经前失调症状。经前期疾病的症状与重度抑郁症（β = 0.13；95% CI，0.11-0.15；P = 1.21 × 10-36）、躁郁症（β = 0.07；95% CI，0.05-0.09；P = 1.21 × 10-36）、双相情感障碍（β = 0.07；95% CI，0.05-0.09；P = 1.21 × 10-36）的 PRS 相关。 P = 1.74 × 10-11)、注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (β = 0.07; 95% CI, 0.04-0.09; P = 1.58 × 10-9)、精神分裂症 (β = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.09-0.13; P = 1.58 × 10-9) P = 7.61 × 10-25) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (β = 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01-0.05; P = .02)，但不包括身高的 PRS。这一发现在没有精神病诊断史的女性子样本中得到了证实。结论 这项遗传关联研究的结果表明，情感谱系障碍和主要精神疾病的遗传倾向与经前疾病症状相关，