ABSTRACT

This article explores the role of papal communication in the local construction of royal and papal authority. Taking the kingdom of Denmark as its case, it analyses letters issued by Pope Alexander III to King Valdemar I and the Danish clergy before a grand meeting at Ringsted in 1170. It is argued that to understand the function and impact of the papal letters fully it is necessary to examine not only their verbal content, but also their wider processual context: how a Scandinavian delegation obtained the letters at the papal court in Benevento; how the letters were presented to the Danish audience as part of the ritual celebrations at Ringsted; and how the events later were framed and narrated by local Scandinavian authors. As a whole, the process constituted a ‘circuit of legitimation’, a reciprocal exchange between the pope and the king of recognition and glorification.

摘要

本文探讨了教皇沟通在皇家和教皇权威的地方建设中的作用。以丹麦王国为例，分析了1170年在灵斯泰德举行盛大会议之前，教皇亚历山大三世向国王瓦尔德马一世和丹麦神职人员发出的信函。有必要不仅检查其口头内容，还要检查其更广泛的过程背景：斯堪的纳维亚代表团如何在贝内文托的教皇法庭获得这些信件；作为灵斯特德庆祝仪式的一部分，这些信件是如何呈现给丹麦观众的；以及当地斯堪的纳维亚作家后来如何构思和叙述这些事件。总的来说，这个过程构成了一个“合法化循环”，