Objective:The authors investigated transitions to schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar disorder following different types of substance-induced psychosis and the impact of gender, age, number of emergency admissions related to substance-induced psychosis, and type of substance-induced psychosis on such transitions.Methods:All patients in the Norwegian Patient Registry with a diagnosis of substance-induced psychosis from 2010 to 2015 were included (N=3,187). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate cumulative transition rates from substance-induced psychosis to either schizophrenia spectrum disorder or bipolar disorder. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate hazard ratios for transitions to schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar disorders associated with gender, age, number of emergency admissions, and type of substance-induced psychosis.Results:The 6-year cumulative transition rate from substance-induced psychosis to schizophrenia spectrum disorder was 27.6% (95% CI=25.6–29.7). For men, the risk of transition was higher among younger individuals and those with either cannabis-induced psychosis or psychosis induced by multiple substances; for both genders, the risk of transition was higher among those with repeated emergency admissions related to substance-induced psychosis. The cumulative transition rate from substance-induced psychosis to bipolar disorder was 4.5% (95% CI=3.6–5.5), and the risk of this transition was higher for women than for men.Conclusions:Transition rates from substance-induced psychosis to schizophrenia spectrum disorder were six times higher than transition rates to bipolar disorder. Gender, age, number of emergency admissions, and type of substance-induced psychosis affected the risk of transition.

中文翻译：

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从物质诱发的精神病转变为精神分裂症谱系障碍或双相情感障碍。

目的：作者调查了不同类型的物质诱发的精神病后向精神分裂症谱系或双相情感障碍的转变，以及性别、年龄、与物质诱发的精神病相关的紧急入院次数以及物质诱发的精神病类型对这种转变的影响。方法：纳入挪威患者登记处 2010 年至 2015 年诊断为物质诱发精神病的所有患者 (N=3,187)。Kaplan-Meier 方法用于估计从物质诱发的精神病向精神分裂症谱系障碍或双相情感障碍的累积转变率。Cox比例风险回归用于估计与性别、年龄、紧急入院次数和物质诱发的精神病类型相关的精神分裂症谱系或双相情感障碍转变的风险比。结果：物质诱发的精神病的6年累积转变率精神病至精神分裂症谱系障碍的比例为 27.6% (95% CI=25.6–29.7)。对于男性来说，年轻人和患有大麻引起的精神病或多种物质引起的精神病的人的变性风险较高；对于男女来说，因药物引起的精神病而多次紧急入院的人的变性风险较高。从物质诱发的精神病向双相情感障碍的累积转变率为 4.5%（95% CI=3.6-5.5），女性发生这种转变的风险高于男性。结论：从物质诱发的精神病向精神分裂症的转变率谱系障碍的转变率比双相情感障碍的转变率高六倍。性别、年龄、紧急入院次数以及物质引起的精神病类型都会影响变性的风险。