Nanoporous Gold: From Structure Evolution to Functional Properties in Catalysis and Electrochemistry,Chemical Reviews

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Nanoporous Gold: From Structure Evolution to Functional Properties in Catalysis and Electrochemistry
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-05-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00751
Gunther Wittstock ₁ , Marcus Bäumer _{2,

3} , Wilke Dononelli _{3,

4} , Thorsten Klüner ₁ , Lukas Lührs ₅ , Christoph Mahr _{3,

6} , Lyudmila V Moskaleva ₇ , Mehtap Oezaslan ₈ , Thomas Risse ₉ , Andreas Rosenauer _{3,

6} , Anne Staubitz _{3,

10} , Jörg Weissmüller _{5,

11} , Arne Wittstock _{3,

10}

Affiliation

Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
University of Bremen, Institute for Applied and Physical Chemistry, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
University of Bremen, MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
University of Bremen, Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, Hybrid Materials Interfaces Group, Am Fallturm 1, Bremen 28359, Germany.
Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Materials Physics and Technology, 21703 Hamburg, Germany.
University of Bremen, Institute of Solid State Physics, Otto Hahn Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
University of the Free State, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.
Technical University of Braunschweig Institute of Technical Chemistry, Technical Electrocatalysis Laboratory, Franz-Liszt-Strasse 35a, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
University of Bremen, Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Leobener Strasse 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Materials Mechanics, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.

Nanoporous gold (NPG) is characterized by a bicontinuous network of nanometer-sized metallic struts and interconnected pores formed spontaneously by oxidative dissolution of the less noble element from gold alloys. The resulting material exhibits decent catalytic activity for low-temperature, aerobic total as well as partial oxidation reactions, the oxidative coupling of methanol to methyl formate being the prototypical example. This review not only provides a critical discussion of ways to tune the morphology and composition of this material and its implication for catalysis and electrocatalysis, but will also exemplarily review the current mechanistic understanding of the partial oxidation of methanol using information from quantum chemical studies, model studies on single-crystal surfaces, gas phase catalysis, aerobic liquid phase oxidation, and electrocatalysis. In this respect, a particular focus will be on mechanistic aspects not well understood, yet. Apart from the mechanistic aspects of catalysis, best practice examples with respect to material preparation and characterization will be discussed. These can improve the reproducibility of the materials property such as the catalytic activity and selectivity as well as the scope of reactions being identified as the main challenges for a broader application of NPG in target-oriented organic synthesis.

中文翻译：

纳米多孔金：从结构演变到催化和电化学中的功能特性

纳米多孔金 (NPG) 的特征是纳米级金属支柱和互连孔隙的双连续网络，这些孔隙通过金合金中的次贵金属元素的氧化溶解而自发形成。所得材料对低温、有氧总氧化反应和部分氧化反应表现出良好的催化活性，甲醇与甲酸甲酯的氧化偶联是典型的例子。这篇综述不仅对调节这种材料的形态和组成的方法及其对催化和电催化的意义进行了批判性讨论，而且还将利用量子化学研究、模型等信息，示范性地回顾当前对甲醇部分氧化的机理理解单晶表面研究，气相催化，好氧液相氧化，和电催化。在这方面，将特别关注尚未被很好理解的机械方面。除了催化的机理方面，还将讨论有关材料制备和表征的最佳实践示例。这些可以提高材料性能的可重复性，例如催化活性和选择性，以及被确定为 NPG 在目标导向有机合成中更广泛应用的主要挑战的反应范围。

更新日期：2023-05-03

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