The application of composted straw in conventional rice cultivation patterns can enhance soil organic carbon (SOC); however, it increases methane (CH₄) emission, thereby reducing its net carbon sequestration efficiency in paddy fields. The rice–edible mushroom pattern may improve this phenomenon because edible mushrooms can promote straw decomposition and soil aggregate formation. Here, we investigated the effect of four inoculation amounts of edible mushroom on the transformation of composted straw-C in paddy fields using ¹³C tracer technology under rice–edible mushroom pattern. The results indicated that the inoculation of edible mushrooms increased the abundance of soil microorganisms and fungal mycelium, reduced SOC aromaticity, and promoted the formation of macroaggregates. Inoculation of edible mushrooms stimulated the transformation of composted straw-C to SOC and reduced its conversion to CH₄. The sequestration efficiency of composted straw-C in the soil increased as the inoculation amounts of edible mushrooms increased. When the edible mushroom inoculation amount was 3000 kg ha^–1, the highest amount of composed straw-C was sequestrated in soil. With more inoculation amount, more fungal mycelium was produced, which enhanced the physical protection of composted straw-C by promoting the formation of soil aggregates. This study indicated that under the rice–edible mushroom pattern, transformation of composted straw-C to the soil carbon was favored compared with its transformation to CH₄, and this conversion efficiency increased with the increasing inoculation amounts of edible mushrooms.

在传统水稻种植模式中应用秸秆堆肥可以提高土壤有机碳（SOC）；然而，它增加了甲烷（CH ₄ ）排放，从而降低了其在稻田中的净碳封存效率。水稻-食用菌模式可能会改善这种现象，因为食用菌可以促进秸秆分解和土壤团聚体的形成。^{在这里，我们使用13} C示踪技术研究了四种食用菌接种量对水稻-食用菌模式下稻田堆肥秸秆-C转化的影响。结果表明，接种食用菌增加了土壤微生物和真菌的丰度。菌丝体，降低了 SOC 的芳香性，促进了大团聚体的形成。食用菌的接种刺激了堆肥秸秆-C 向SOC 的转化，并减少了其向CH ₄的转化。随着食用菌接种量的增加，堆肥秸秆-C在土壤中的封存效率增加。当食用菌接种量为3000 kg ha ^–1, 最高量的组成秸秆-C 被隔离在土壤中。接种量越大，产生的真菌菌丝越多，通过促进土壤团聚体的形成，增强秸秆堆肥的物理保护作用。本研究表明，在水稻-食用菌模式下，堆肥秸秆-C向土壤碳的转化比向CH ₄的转化更有利，并且这种转化效率随着食用菌接种量的增加而增加。