Elevated levels of tropospheric ozone (O₃) are phytotoxic, inhibiting plant growth and production, and thus, compromising environmental health and sustainable crop production. It is therefore critical to devise strategies to protect plants from the negative effects of O₃. However, the efficacy of different chemical or non-chemical methods to protect plants against O₃ toxicities has not been critically reviewed. Hence, this study aimed at comprehensively reviewing various methods of crop protection against O₃ stress. Ethylenediurea (EDU) is the most investigated and efficient protectant in ameliorating O₃-induced phytodamage. However, plant protectants (e.g. pesticides, fungicides), antitranspirants (e.g. di-1-p-menthene), antioxidants (e.g. ascorbic acid, diphenylamine), exogenously-applied plant hormones (e.g. ethylene, kinetin, abscisic acid), and nutrient management strategies (e.g. varied level of nitrogen fertilizers, application of calcium acetate) were also found to offer some protection against O₃. Hence, more studies are needed to comprehensively explore the potential of these methods, individually and in different combinations. Biological mechanisms that underlie the ameliorative effect of the different methods are discussed along with relevance of the concept of hormesis. This assessment also acknowledges major information gaps and suggests future options for dealing with O₃ pollution. New insights into the efficacy of additional protectants provide a new dimension to plant protection against O₃-induced detrimental effects, and suggest that future research should use a green chemistry approach and an ‘one health’ perspective.

对流层臭氧 (O ₃ ) 水平升高具有植物毒性，会抑制植物生长和生产，从而损害环境健康和可持续作物生产。_{因此，制定保护植物免受 O 3}负面影响的策略至关重要。_{然而，保护植物免受 O 3}毒性的不同化学或非化学方法的功效尚未得到严格审查。因此，本研究旨在全面回顾各种作物保护方法以抵抗O ₃胁迫。乙二脲 (EDU) 是研究最多且最有效的改善 O _{3的保护剂}-引起的植物损伤。然而，植物保护剂（如杀虫剂、杀菌剂）、抗蒸腾剂（如二-1-对薄荷烯）、抗氧化剂（如抗坏血酸、二苯胺）、外源性植物激素（如乙烯、激动素、脱落酸）和养分管理还发现策略（例如，不同水平的氮肥、施用醋酸钙）提供了一些针对 O ₃的保护。因此，需要更多的研究来全面探索这些方法的潜力，无论是单独的还是不同的组合。讨论了作为不同方法改善效果基础的生物学机制以及毒物兴奋效应概念的相关性。该评估还承认存在重大信息差距，并提出了未来处理 O _3的选项污染。_{对附加保护剂功效的新见解为植物保护免受 O 3}诱导的有害影响提供了新的维度，并建议未来的研究应使用绿色化学方法和“一个健康”的观点。