Abstract. Conservation biology faces the challenge of safeguarding the ecosystem functions and ecological processes (the water cycle, nutrients, energy flow, and community dynamics) that sustain the multiple facets of biodiversity. Characterization and evaluation of these processes and functions can be carried out through functional attributes or traits related to the exchanges of matter and energy between vegetation and the atmosphere. Based on this principle, satellite imagery can provide integrative spatiotemporal characterizations of ecosystem functions at local to global scales. Here, we provide a multitemporal dataset at protected-area level that characterizes the spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of ecosystem functioning in the Biosphere Reserve of the Sierra Nevada (Spain), captured through the spectral Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI, using product MOD13Q1.006 from the MODIS sensor) from 2001 to 2018. The database contains, at the annual scale, a synthetic map of Ecosystem Functional Type (EFT) classes from three Ecosystem Functional Attributes (EFAs): (i) descriptors of annual primary production, (ii) seasonality, and (iii) phenology of carbon gains. It also includes two ecosystem functional-diversity indices derived from the above datasets: (i) EFT richness and (ii) EFT rarity. Finally, it provides interannual summaries for all previously mentioned variables, i.e., their long-term means and interannual variability. The datasets are available at two open-source sites (PANGAEA: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924792; Cazorla et al., 2020a; interannual summaries at http://obsnev.es/apps/efts_SN.html, last access: 17 April 2023). This dataset provides scientists, environmental managers, and the public in general with valuable information on the first characterization of ecosystem functional diversity based on primary production developed in the Sierra Nevada, a biodiversity hotspot in the Mediterranean basin and an exceptional natural laboratory for ecological research within the Long-Term Social-Ecological Research (LTER) network.

中文翻译：

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基于遥感的数据集，用于描述内华达山脉（西班牙东南部）生物圈保护区的生态系统功能和功能多样性

摘要。保护生物学面临保护维持生物多样性多个方面的生态系统功能和生态过程（水循环、养分、能量流和群落动态）的挑战。这些过程和功能的表征和评价可以通过植被与大气之间物质和能量交换相关的功能属性或特征来进行。基于这一原则，卫星图像可以提供当地到全球范围内生态系统功能的综合时空特征。在这里，我们提供了一个保护区级别的多时相数据集，该数据集通过光谱增强植被指数（EVI，使用来自 MODIS 传感器的产品 MOD13Q1.006）从 2001 年到 2018 年。该数据库包含年度尺度的生态系统功能类型（EFT）类别的合成图，来自三个生态系统功能属性（EFA）：（i）年度描述符初级生产，(ii) 季节性，以及 (iii) 碳收益的物候。它还包括源自上述数据集的两个生态系统功能多样性指数：(i) EFT 丰富度和 (ii) EFT 稀有度。最后，它提供了所有前面提到的变量的年际总结，即它们的长期均值和年际变率。数据集可在两个开源站点获取（PANGAEA：https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.924792；Cazorla 等人，2020a；年际摘要位于 http://obsnev.es/apps/efts_SN.html ，最后访问时间：2023 年 4 月 17 日）。该数据集为科学家提供，