With the progress of both photonics and electronics, optoelectronic synapses are considered potential candidates to challenge the von Neumann bottleneck and the field of visual bionics in the era of big data. They are also regarded as the basis for integrated artificial neural networks (ANNs) owing to their flexible optoelectronic tunable properties such as high bandwidth, low power consumption, and high-density integration. Over the recent years, following the emergence of metal halide perovskite (MHP) materials possessing fascinating optoelectronic properties, novel MHP-based optoelectronic synaptic devices have been exploited for numerous applications ranging from artificial vision systems (AVSs) to neuromorphic computing. Herein, we briefly review the application prospects and current status of MHP-based optoelectronic synapses, discuss the basic synaptic behaviors capable of being implemented, and assess their feasibility to mimic biological synapses. Then, we focus on the two-terminal optoelectronic synaptic memristors and three-terminal transistor synaptic phototransistors (SPTs), the two essential apparatus structures for optoelectronic synapses, expounding their basic features and operating mechanisms. Finally, we summarize the recent applications of optoelectronic synapses in neuromorphic systems, including neuromorphic computing, high-order learning behaviors, and neuromorphic vision systems, outlining their potential opportunities and future development directions as neuromorphic devices in the field of artificial intelligence (AI).

中文翻译：

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基于金属卤化物钙钛矿的光电突触研究进展

随着光子学和电子学的进步，光电突触被认为是大数据时代挑战冯诺依曼瓶颈和视觉仿生学领域的潜在候选者。由于其灵活的光电可调特性，如高带宽、低功耗和高密度集成，它们也被视为集成人工神经网络 (ANN) 的基础。近年来，随着具有迷人光电特性的金属卤化物钙钛矿 (MHP) 材料的出现，基于 MHP 的新型光电突触器件已被用于从人工视觉系统 (AVS) 到神经形态计算等众多应用。在此，我们简要回顾了基于MHP的光电突触的应用前景和现状，讨论能够实施的基本突触行为，并评估其模拟生物突触的可行性。然后，我们重点介绍了光电突触的两种基本器件结构——二端光电突触忆阻器和三端晶体管突触光电晶体管（SPT），阐述了它们的基本特征和工作机制。最后，我们总结了光电突触在神经形态系统中的最新应用，包括神经形态计算、高阶学习行为和神经形态视觉系统，概述了它们作为神经形态设备在人工智能 (AI) 领域的潜在机会和未来发展方向。我们重点介绍了二端光电突触忆阻器和三端晶体管突触光电晶体管（SPT）这两种光电突触必不可少的器件结构，阐述了它们的基本特征和工作机制。最后，我们总结了光电突触在神经形态系统中的最新应用，包括神经形态计算、高阶学习行为和神经形态视觉系统，概述了它们作为神经形态设备在人工智能 (AI) 领域的潜在机会和未来发展方向。我们重点介绍了二端光电突触忆阻器和三端晶体管突触光电晶体管（SPT）这两种光电突触必不可少的器件结构，阐述了它们的基本特征和工作机制。最后，我们总结了光电突触在神经形态系统中的最新应用，包括神经形态计算、高阶学习行为和神经形态视觉系统，概述了它们作为神经形态设备在人工智能 (AI) 领域的潜在机会和未来发展方向。