Delivering drinking water from water treatment plants (WTPs) to customer taps results in significant energy consumption and water loss due to leakage. The energy consumption involved in this process includes both the energy used in the water distribution networks (WDNs) and buildings. Existing research primarily focuses on optimizing energy consumption in WDNs while ignoring the energy consumption at buildings. Building height and water supply mode are crucial factors that impact energy consumption. A building hydraulic model involving various supply modes coupled with the WDN hydraulic model is developed to calculate the energy consumption and leakage from WTPs to taps. An optimization model is then proposed to minimize expenses by placing regional pump stations (RPSs) and scheduling pumps in WTPs. The application of the proposed method to a realistic WDN resulted in a 1.17% decrease in energy consumption and a 6.98% reduction in water leakage compared to traditional methods.

将饮用水从水处理厂 (WTP) 输送到客户的水龙头会导致大量能源消耗和因泄漏造成的水损失。此过程中涉及的能源消耗包括配水网络 (WDN) 和建筑物中使用的能源。现有研究主要集中在优化 WDN 中的能源消耗，而忽略了建筑物的能源消耗。建筑高度和供水方式是影响能源消耗的关键因素。开发了涉及各种供应模式的建筑水力模型以及 WDN 水力模型，以计算从 WTP 到水龙头的能耗和泄漏。然后提出了一个优化模型，通过在 WTP 中放置区域泵站 (RPS) 和调度泵来最大限度地减少费用。