Environmental viromes reveal the global distribution signatures of deep-sea DNA viruses,Journal of Advanced Research

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Environmental viromes reveal the global distribution signatures of deep-sea DNA viruses
Journal of Advanced Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-04-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.04.009
Tianliang He ₁ , Min Jin ₂ , Pei Cui ₃ , Xumei Sun ₃ , Xuebao He ₂ , Yaqin Huang ₂ , Xi Xiao ₄ , Tingting Zhang ₄ , Xiaobo Zhang ₃

Affiliation

Introduction

Viruses are abundant and ecologically significant in marine ecosystems. However, the virome of deep-sea sediments is not extensively investigated.

Objectives

To explore the distribution pattern of deep-sea viruses on a global scale, the viromes of DNA viruses isolated from 138 sediments of 5 deep-sea ecosystems were characterized.

Methods

The viral particles were purified from each sediment sample. Then the viral DNAs were extracted and subjected to viral metagenomic analysis.

Results

Here, we constructed a global deep-sea environmental virome dataset by analyzing the viral DNA of 138 sediment samples. A total of 347,737 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) were identified, of which 84.94% were hitherto unknown, indicating that deep sea was a reservoir of novel DNA viruses. Furthermore, circular viral genome analysis revealed 98,581 complete genomes. The classified vOTUs included eukaryotic (44.55%) and prokaryotic (25.75%) viruses, and were taxonomically assigned to 63 viral families. The composition and abundance of the deep-sea sediment viromes were dependent on the deep-sea ecosystem as opposed to geographical region. Further analysis revealed that the viral community differentiation in different deep-sea ecosystems was driven by the virus-mediated energy metabolism.

Conclusion

Our findings showed that deep-sea ecosystems are a reservoir of novel DNA viruses and the viral community is shaped by the environmental characteristics of deep-sea ecosystems, thus presenting critical information for determining the ecological significance of viruses in global deep-sea ecosystems.

中文翻译：

环境病毒组揭示深海DNA病毒的全球分布特征

介绍

海洋生态系统中的病毒数量丰富且具有重要的生态意义。然而，深海沉积物的病毒组尚未得到广泛研究。

目标

为了探索深海病毒在全球范围内的分布模式，对从 5 个深海生态系统的 138 个沉积物中分离出的 DNA 病毒的病毒组进行了表征。

方法

从每个沉积物样品中纯化病毒颗粒。然后提取病毒DNA并进行病毒宏基因组分析。

结果

在这里，我们通过分析 138 个沉积物样本的病毒 DNA 构建了全球深海环境病毒组数据集。总共鉴定出 347,737 个病毒操作分类单元（vOTU），其中 84.94% 迄今为止未知，表明深海是新型 DNA 病毒的储存库。此外，循环病毒基因组分析揭示了 98,581 个完整基因组。分类后的 vOTU 包括真核病毒 (44.55%) 和原核病毒 (25.75%)，并在分类学上分为 63 个病毒科。深海沉积物病毒组的组成和丰度取决于深海生态系统，而不是地理区域。进一步分析表明，不同深海生态系统中病毒群落的分化是由病毒介导的能量代谢驱动的。