The utilization of biomass combustion for electricity generation has grown an importance and popularity. However, effective management of ash produced during biomass combustion is a major challenge. To analyze the ecological risk of heavy metals and ash characteristics in biomass ash, an inductive coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used. The effects of temperature (20 °C, 40 °C, 60 °C), stirrer time (1h, 2h, 3h), and water-ash ratio (1:1, 2:1, 3:1) on potassium extraction were studied. The results show that the ecological risk index (RI) values of the fly ash and slag samples are very high, and all samples have very high risk (VHR) mainly due to Cd higher toxicity than other heavy metals. The main constituents of slag are aluminosilicate and SiO₂, whereas fly ash contains CaSO₄, KCl, SiO₂, and KAlSi₃O₈. The fly ash from straw-fired biomass boiler contains more potassium, making it the most suitable raw material for the actual potassium extraction. In addition, temperature and stirrer time have little effect on potassium solubility while the effect of water-ash ratio is significant. Therefore, the most cost-effective potassium extraction method is water washing at room temperature with a stirrer time of about 1 h, a water-ash ratio of about 2:1, and leaching fly ash multiple times with incorporating the water recycling.

利用生物质燃烧发电已经变得越来越重要和受欢迎。然而，有效管理生物质燃烧过程中产生的灰烬是一项重大挑战。为了分析生物质灰分中重金属和灰分特性的生态风险，使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪 (ICP) 和 X 射线衍射仪 (XRD)。温度（20℃、40℃、60℃）、搅拌时间（1h、2h、3h）和水灰比（1:1、2:1、3:1）对钾提取的影响学习了。结果表明，飞灰和炉渣样品的生态风险指数（RI）值非常高，所有样品都具有很高的风险（VHR），主要是因为 Cd 比其他重金属具有更高的毒性。炉渣的主要成分是铝硅酸盐和SiO ₂，而飞灰含有 CaSO ₄、KCl、SiO ₂和 KAlSi ₃ O ₈ 。秸秆生物质锅炉产生的飞灰中钾含量较高，是最适合实际提钾的原料。此外，温度和搅拌时间对钾的溶解度影响不大，而水灰比影响显着。因此，最具成本效益的提钾方法是室温水洗，搅拌时间约1 h，水灰比约2:1，多次浸出飞灰，并结合水循环使用。