We report, the catalytic application of sulphonated cellulose based solid carbon catalyst for conversion of oleic acid to methyl oleate-biodiesel production under microwave irradiation. Oleic acid, being one of the most widely found fatty acids in plant oils and animal fats; it was utilized as a model substrate to produce biodiesel in this study. The effect and interaction of four independent factors such as methanol to oleic acid molar ratio (MOMR), time, catalyst loading, and temperature were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). After doing the thirty experiments given by the central composite design (CCD), the optimized reaction condition using RSM was found to be MOMR of 21:1, 60 min, 8 wt % catalyst loading, and temperature of 80 °C that predicted 96.77% biodiesel yield under microwave irradiation, whereas, 97.6 ± 0.2% yield was observed experimentally. The kinetic study of the esterification reaction showed that it followed a pseudo first order reaction. The activation energy of the esterification was found to be relatively low at 49.19 kJ mol⁻¹. The catalyst showed good recyclability when explored up to the 5th reaction cycle. The SEM analysis of the recycled catalyst showed its stability for at least 5 reaction cycles. Therefore, it can be promoted for sustainable production of biodiesel due to its moderate preparation method, good catalytic efficiency, and excellent recyclability.

我们报道了基于磺化纤维素的固体碳催化剂在微波辐射下将油酸转化为油酸甲酯-生物柴油生产的催化应用。油酸，是植物油和动物脂肪中最广泛发现的脂肪酸之一；在这项研究中，它被用作生产生物柴油的模型底物。使用响应面法 (RSM)研究了甲醇与油酸摩尔比 (MOMR)、时间、催化剂负载量和温度等四个独立因素的影响和相互作用。在做了 30 次实验之后中心复合设计 (CCD)，使用 RSM 的优化反应条件被发现为 21:1 的 MOMR、60 分钟、8 wt% 催化剂负载和 80 °C 的温度，预测在微波辐射下生物柴油产率为 96.77%，而，实验观察到 97.6 ± 0.2% 的产率。酯化反应的动力学研究表明它遵循伪一级反应。发现酯化的活化能相对较低，为 49.19 kJ mol^-1. 当探索到第 5 个反应循环时，催化剂显示出良好的可回收性。回收催化剂的 SEM 分析显示其在至少 5 个反应循环中的稳定性。因此，其制备方法温和、催化效率好、可回收性好，可促进生物柴油的可持续生产。