Context or problem

Lodging is a major limiting factor for high-yielding wheat production due to its negative impact on yield and quality. However, little is known about the relationship between different planting patterns and the lodging resistance of wheat.

Objective or research question

Different planting patterns alter the precise spatial distribution of crops in the field, which can further affect growth and grain yield. Compared with conventional row planting, more orderly use of growth resources by bunch planting contributed to plant growth and dry matter production. Stem growth is not only related to yield but also to lodging resistance. Based on this, we hypothesise that benefits in crop growth due to bunch planting pattern will promote stem growth to increase its lodging resistance and yield in the field.

Methods

In this study, a three-year field experiment was conducted with two planting methods (bunch planting and row planting) at two planting densities (normal density, 3.00 × 10⁶ seeds ha⁻¹ (ND); appropriately increased density, 4.50 × 10⁶ seeds ha⁻¹ (ID)) using the multiple-spike wheat variety XN538 and heavy-spike wheat variety LKAZ8 to investigate the effect of bunch planting on wheat yield and lodging resistance and to assess the suitability of bunch planting for wheat production.

Results

The results showed that high yields were obtained with both varieties under bunch planting, and overall bunch planting increased wheat yields safety factor by 3.2% and 26.5% respectively. Increasing the planting density further increased the yield of XN538 under bunch planting but reduced the yield of LKAZ8. Bunch planting promotes the morphological development of the basal stem, leading to higher stem diameter, stem wall thickness and stem density per unit length. It also promotes the accumulation of structural and non-structural carbohydrates, leading to lignin, cellulose, soluble sugar and starch contents increased by 23.3%, 28.6%, 26.2%, 54.3%, respectively. The altered morphological characteristics and chemical properties of the stem contributed to the higher mechanical strength and lodging safety factor of wheat under bunch planting at both densities.

Conclusions

These results suggest that bunch planting could increase wheat yields and improve lodging resistance.

Implications or significance

Our study provides insights into the relationship between planting pattern and crop lodging resistance, which may be of interest for field wheat production.

中文翻译：

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小麦适合串植吗？基于产量和抗倒伏性的评估

上下文或问题

由于倒伏对产量和品质的负面影响，倒伏是高产小麦生产的主要限制因素。然而，关于不同种植模式与小麦抗倒伏性之间的关系知之甚少。

目标或研究问题

不同的种植模式改变了农作物在田间的精确空间分布，这会进一步影响生长和粮食产量。与常规行播相比，串播更有序地利用生长资源有助于植物生长和干物质生产。茎的生长不仅与产量有关，还与抗倒伏性有关。基于此，我们假设串植模式对作物生长的好处将促进茎的生长，从而增加其在田间的抗倒伏性和产量。

方法

本研究在两种种植密度（正常密度，3.00 × 10 6 种子^ha −1 ⁽ ND)；适当增加密度，4.50 × 10 ⁶ seeds ha ⁻¹ (ID)) 使用多穗小麦品种XN538 和重穗小麦品种LKAZ8 研究串播对小麦产量和抗倒伏性的影响，并评估串播对小麦生产的适宜性。

结果

结果表明，串作两个品种均获得高产，整体串作小麦单产安全系数分别提高3.2%和26.5%。增加种植密度进一步提高了串植下XN538的产量，但降低了LKAZ8的产量。丛植促进基部茎的形态发育，导致更高的茎粗、茎壁厚度和单位长度茎密度。它还促进结构和非结构碳水化合物的积累，导致木质素、纤维素、可溶性糖和淀粉含量分别增加23.3%、28.6%、26.2%、54.3%。

结论

这些结果表明串植可以提高小麦产量并提高抗倒伏性。

影响或意义

我们的研究提供了种植模式与作物抗倒伏性之间关系的见解，这可能对大田小麦生产有意义。