Herbicides are commonly used in modern agriculture for the control of unwanted plants. Contemporary expectations regarding agrochemicals emphasize the need to ensure high effectiveness and reduce side effects. Multicomponent herbicidal ionic liquids possess these features. In planning the syntheses of herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs), we took into account ensuring high activity against weeds using reduced doses of active substances and the problem of controlling herbicide-resistant weeds.

Eight new double-anion and eight new triple-anion HILs were synthesized. All obtained HILs contained methyl dodecylbetainate cation and herbicidal anions belonging to both sulfonylurea and auxin-like groups of active substances in a single compound. The new HILs were tested under greenhouse and field conditions and they showed excellent efficacy against target dicotyledonous weeds. Some compounds showed very good surface properties, which are desirable for foliar application to plants. Moreover, HILs with three herbicidal anions (iodosulfuron or metsulfuron + 2,4-D + clopyralid) were very effective against cornflower biotype resistant to acetolactate synthase inhibitors.

Our research indicate that herbicidal ionic liquids containing a cation of natural origin and herbicidal anions characterized by a different mode of action in a single compound are a potential new tool for weed management. The use of multicomponent herbicidal ionic liquids enables effective weed control with lower doses of the active ingredient.

除草剂在现代农业中通常用于控制不需要的植物。当前对农用化学品的期望强调需要确保高效并减少副作用。多组分除草离子液体具有这些特性。在规划除草离子液体 (HIL) 的合成时，我们考虑了使用减少的活性物质剂量确保对杂草的高活性以及控制抗除草剂杂草的问题。

合成了八个新的双阴离子和八个新的三阴离子 HIL。所有获得的 HIL 都含有甲基十二烷基甜菜碱阳离子和属于磺酰脲类和生长素类活性物质的除草阴离子在单一化合物中。新的 HIL 在温室和田间条件下进行了测试，它们对目标双子叶杂草显示出出色的功效。一些化合物表现出非常好的表面特性，非常适合叶面施用于植物。此外，具有三种除草阴离子（碘嘧磺隆或甲磺隆 + 2,4-D + 二氯吡啶酸）的 HIL 对抗乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂抗性的矢车菊生物型非常有效。

我们的研究表明，在单一化合物中含有天然来源阳离子和以不同作用方式为特征的除草阴离子的除草离子液体是一种潜在的杂草治理新工具。使用多组分除草离子液体能够以较低剂量的活性成分有效地控制杂草。