Advances in nanotechnology have great potential to address many unmet clinical and biomedical needs. Nanodiamonds, as a class of carbon nanoparticles with unique properties, may be useful towards a versatile range of biomedical applications from drug delivery to diagnostics. This review describes how these properties of nanodiamonds facilitate their application in different fields of biomedicine, including delivery of chemotherapy drugs, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and biosensors. Additionally, clinical potential of nanodiamonds, with studies in both preclinical and clinical stages, is also reviewed here, highlighting the translational potential of nanodiamonds in biomedical research.

纳米技术的进步具有解决许多未满足的临床和生物医学需求的巨大潜力。纳米金刚石作为一类具有独特性质的碳纳米颗粒，可用于从药物输送到诊断的多种生物医学应用。本综述描述了纳米金刚石的这些特性如何促进其在生物医学不同领域的应用，包括化疗药物、肽、蛋白质、核酸和生物传感器的输送。此外，本文还回顾了纳米金刚石的临床潜力以及临床前和临床阶段的研究，强调了纳米金刚石在生物医学研究中的转化潜力。