The literature on developing alliance with youth clients has severely lagged behind that of adults. To date, there has been no meta-analytic review and limited qualitative synthesis of clinician variables which may contribute to the alliance with youth clients. Systematic literature search found a total of 49 relevant citations. Of the identified articles, 13 (27.08%) reported quantitative methods. Results of the qualitative review suggested that the majority of this research has focused on developing an emotional bond and a sense of collaboration. Meta-analysis found significant relations between alliance building and reducing variables and alliance (r _{alliance building} = 0.17; r _{alliance reducing} = −0.24). This analysis revealed specific behaviors particularly facilitative to youth alliance development, including collaborating with the client, finding common ground, exploring subjective experiences, orienting to treatment, providing praise, and enhancing facilitative conditions. In contrast, clinician lapse and pushing the client to talk were most predictive of a worse alliance. These results indicate certain behaviors which may be particularly important for clinicians to facilitate and not impair youth alliance formation. There is a need for greater youth alliance formation research to better determine how alliance formation may differ across stages of development and treatment modalities.

关于与青年客户建立联盟的文献严重落后于成年人。迄今为止，还没有对可能有助于与青年客户结成联盟的临床医生变量进行元分析审查和有限的定性综合。系统的文献检索共找到 49 篇相关引文。在确定的文章中，13 篇 (27.08%) 报告了定量方法。定性审查的结果表明，这项研究的大部分重点是培养情感纽带和协作意识。荟萃分析发现联盟建立和减少变量与联盟之间存在显着关系（r _{alliance building}  = 0.17; r _{alliance reducing} = -0.24）。该分析揭示了特别有助于青年联盟发展的具体行为，包括与客户合作、寻找共同点、探索主观经验、定向治疗、提供表扬和增强促进条件。相比之下，临床医生的失误和强迫客户说话最能预示着更糟糕的联盟。这些结果表明某些行为可能对临床医生促进而不是损害青年联盟的形成特别重要。需要进行更多的青年联盟形成研究，以更好地确定联盟形成在不同发展阶段和治疗方式之间的差异。