Disclosure of suicidal ideation and behaviours, defined as thoughts, plans, or attempts, to other people provides opportunity for intervention and prevention. This study is the first to meta-analyze all available studies to estimate the prevalence of disclosure, to whom people disclose, and examine factors that influence disclosure. Databases were searched for studies reporting samples of people who had experienced suicidal ideation or behaviours (including those who had died by suicide) and whether they had disclosed this. Almost 100 studies (k = 94, N participants = 1,044,629) were included in the overall prevalance analysis. The results showed less than half of people disclosed suicidal ideation or behaviour: 45.9% (95%CI 41.9–49.9%, PI 12.3–81.8%; k = 94). High heterogeneity, common to prevalence studies, was found (Q[93] = 130,584, p < .001; I² = 99.9%). No publication bias was detected. Removing outliers did not change the prevalence estimate, but provided tighter prediction intervals: 45.6% (95%CI 43.4–47.9%, PI 35.8–55.7%; k = 33). Disclosure was related to higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders, female gender, and a longer timeframe of suicidal ideation or behaviour. Prevalence of disclosure was lower among people who died by suicide, relative to community samples, and lower when reported verbally rather than written online. Disclosure, and proportions of disclosures, to family members, was numerically higher than to friends or professionals, but could not be directly compared. In conclusion, between 50 and 60% of people do not disclose their suicidal ideation and behaviours to other people, and therefore remain unidentified and potentially untreated.

向其他人披露自杀意念和行为（定义为想法、计划或企图）为干预和预防提供了机会。本研究首次对所有可用研究进行荟萃分析，以估计披露的普遍性、人们向谁披露，并检查影响披露的因素。在数据库中搜索报告有过自杀意念或行为的人（包括死于自杀的人）样本的研究，以及他们是否披露了这一点。将近 100 项研究（k  = 94，N参与者 = 1,044,629）被纳入总体流行率分析。结果显示，只有不到一半的人披露了自杀意念或行为：45.9%（95%CI 41.9–49.9%，PI 12.3–81.8%；k = 94). 流行率研究普遍存在高度异质性（Q [93] = 130,584，p  < .001；I ²  = 99.9%）。未检测到发表偏倚。移除异常值并没有改变患病率估计值，但提供了更严格的预测区间：45.6%（95%CI 43.4–47.9%，PI 35.8–55.7%；k = 33). 披露与更高的精神疾病患病率、女性性别以及更长的自杀意念或行为时间框架有关。相对于社区样本，自杀死亡者的披露率较低，口头报告比在线报告的披露率更低。对家庭成员的披露和披露比例在数字上高于对朋友或专业人士的披露，但无法直接比较。总之，50% 到 60% 的人不会向其他人透露他们的自杀想法和行为，因此身份不明，也可能得不到治疗。