Women’s access to political leadership positions has increased greatly in recent decades, which calls for research concerning the conditions of women’s political leadership in more gender-balanced contexts. This article responds to this need by exploring the leadership ideals, evaluations, and treatment of men and women leaders in the numerically gender-equal Swedish parliament (the Riksdag). Drawing on interviews with almost all the current top political leaders in the Swedish parliament, along with an original survey of Swedish members of parliament, we reveal a mainly feminine-coded parliamentary leadership ideal that should be more appropriate for women leaders. Masculine practices remain, however, and women leaders continue to be disadvantaged. To explain this anomaly between ideals and practices, we argue that a feminist institutionalist perspective, which emphasizes how gender shapes a given context in multiple ways, contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the conditions for women’s political leadership than that provided by the widely employed role congruity theory.

中文翻译：

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女性领导理想和男性实践：探索瑞典议会中的性别领导条件

近几十年来，妇女获得政治领导职位的机会大大增加，这需要对性别更加平衡的背景下的妇女政治领导条件进行研究。本文通过探讨在数量上性别平等的瑞典议会（Riksdag）中男性和女性领导人的领导理念、评估和待遇来响应这一需求。通过对瑞典议会几乎所有现任最高政治领导人的采访，以及对瑞典议会议员的原始调查，我们揭示了一种应该更适合女性领导人的主要女性编码的议会领导理想。然而，男性化的做法依然存在，女性领导者继续处于不利地位。为了解释这种理想与实践之间的反常现象，