Potential Auxiliary Metabolic Capabilities and Activities Reveal Biochemical Impacts of Viruses in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants,Environmental Science & Technology

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Potential Auxiliary Metabolic Capabilities and Activities Reveal Biochemical Impacts of Viruses in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07800
Ling Yuan _{1,

2,

3} , Feng Ju _{2,

3,

4,

5,

6}

Affiliation

Viruses influence biogeochemical cycles in oceans, freshwater, soil, and human gut through infection and by modulating virocell metabolism through virus-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes (vAMGs). However, the geographical distribution, potential metabolic function, and engineering significance of vAMGs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) remain to be explored. Here, 752 single-contig viral genomes with high confidence, 510 of which belonged to Caudovirales, were recovered from the activated sludge metagenomes of 32 geographically distributed WWTPs. A total of 101 vAMGs involved in various metabolic pathways were identified, the most common of which were the queuosine biosynthesis genes folE, queD, and queE and the sulfur metabolism gene cysH. Phylogenetic analysis and virus–host relationship prediction revealed the probable evolutionary histories of vAMGs involved in carbon (acpP and prsA), nitrogen (amoC), sulfur (cysH), and phosphate (phoH) metabolism, which potentially mediate microbial carbon and nutrient cycling. Notably, 11 of the 38 (28.3%) vAMGs identified in the metagenomes with corresponding metatranscriptomes were transcriptionally expressed, implying an active functional state. This meta-analysis provides the first broad catalog of vAMGs in municipal WWTPs and how they may assist in the basic physiological reactions of their microbial hosts or nutrient cycling in the WWTPs, and therefore, may have important effects on the engineering of wastewater treatment processes.

中文翻译：

潜在的辅助代谢能力和活动揭示病毒对城市污水处理厂的生化影响

病毒通过感染和通过病毒编码的辅助代谢基因 (vAMG) 调节病毒细胞代谢来影响海洋、淡水、土壤和人体肠道中的生物地球化学循环。然而，vAMG 在废水处理厂 (WWTP) 中的地理分布、潜在代谢功能和工程意义仍有待探索。在这里，从 32 个地理分布的污水处理厂的活性污泥宏基因组中回收了752 个具有高置信度的单重叠群病毒基因组，其中 510 个属于尾病毒目。共鉴定出 101 个参与各种代谢途径的 vAMG，其中最常见的是队列生物合成基因folE、queD和queE和硫代谢基因cysH。系统发育分析和病毒-宿主关系预测揭示了涉及碳（acp P 和prs A）、氮（amo C）、硫（cys H）和磷酸盐（pho ）的 vAMG 的可能进化历史H) 新陈代谢，可能介导微生物碳和养分循环。值得注意的是，在具有相应宏转录组的宏基因组中鉴定的 38 个 vAMG 中有 11 个（28.3%）被转录表达，这意味着活跃的功能状态。该荟萃分析提供了市政污水处理厂中 vAMG 的第一个广泛目录，以及它们如何协助微生物宿主的基本生理反应或污水处理厂中的养分循环，因此可能对废水处理工艺的工程设计产生重要影响。

更新日期：2023-03-22

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