Anaemia is highly prevalent in critically ill patients; however, the long-term effect on mortality remains unclear. We retrospectively included patients admitted to the medical intensive care units (ICUs) during 2015–2020 at the Taichung Veterans General Hospital. The primary outcome of interest was one-year mortality, and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined to assess the association. We used propensity score matching (PSM) and propensity score matching methods, including inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) as well as covariate balancing propensity score (CBPS), in the present study. A total of 7,089 patients were eligible for analyses, and 45.0% (3,189/7,089) of them had anaemia, defined by mean levels of haemoglobin being less than 10 g/dL. The standardised difference of covariates in this study were lower than 0.20 after matching and weighting. The application of CBPS further reduced the imbalance among covariates. We demonstrated a similar association, and adjusted HRs in original, PSM, IPTW and CBPS populations were 1.345 (95% CI 1.227–1.474), 1.265 (95% CI 1.145–1.397), 1.276 (95% CI 1.142–1.427) and 1.260 (95% CI 1.125–1.411), respectively. We used propensity score-based analyses to identify that anaemia within the first week was associated with increased one-year mortality in critically ill patients.

中文翻译：

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第一周贫血可能与重症患者的长期死亡率相关：基于倾向评分的分析

贫血在重症患者中非常普遍；然而，对死亡率的长期影响仍不清楚。我们回顾性纳入了 2015 年至 2020 年台中荣民总医院重症监护病房 (ICU) 收治的患者。感兴趣的主要结果是一年死亡率，并确定具有 95% 置信区间 (CI) 的风险比 (HR) 以评估相关性。在本研究中，我们使用了倾向得分匹配 (PSM) 和倾向得分匹配方法，包括治疗加权的逆概率 (IPTW) 以及协变量平衡倾向得分 (CBPS)。共有 7,089 名患者符合分析条件，其中 45.0% (3,189/7,089) 患有贫血，定义为平均血红蛋白水平低于 10 g/dL。经过匹配和加权后，本研究协变量的标准化差异小于0.20。CBPS的应用进一步减少了协变量之间的不平衡。我们证明了类似的关联，原始 PSM、IPTW 和 CBPS 人群中调整后的 HR 分别为 1.345 (95% CI 1.227–1.474)、1.265 (95% CI 1.145–1.397)、1.276 (95% CI 1.142–1.427) 和 1.260 (95% CI 1.125–1.411)，分别。我们使用基于倾向评分的分析来确定第一周内的贫血与危重患者一年死亡率增加有关。分别为 1.276 (95% CI 1.142–1.427) 和 1.260 (95% CI 1.125–1.411)。我们使用基于倾向评分的分析来确定第一周内的贫血与危重患者一年死亡率增加有关。分别为 1.276 (95% CI 1.142–1.427) 和 1.260 (95% CI 1.125–1.411)。我们使用基于倾向评分的分析来确定第一周内的贫血与危重患者一年死亡率增加有关。