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Cost and Life Cycle Emissions of Ethanol Produced with an Oxyfuel Boiler and Carbon Capture and Storage
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-21 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04784
John Dees 1 , Kafayat Oke 2 , Hannah Goldstein 3 , Sean T McCoy 2 , Daniel L Sanchez 4 , A J Simon 3 , Wenqin Li 3
Affiliation  

Decarbonization of transportation fuels represents one of the most vexing challenges for climate change mitigation. Biofuels derived from corn starch have offered modest life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions over fossil fuels. Here we show that capture and storage of CO2 emissions from corn ethanol fermentation achieves ∼58% reduction in the GHG intensity (CI) of ethanol at a levelized cost of 52 $/tCO2e abated. The integration of an oxyfuel boiler enables further CO2 capture at modest cost. This system yields a 75% reduction in CI to 15 gCO2e/MJ at a minimum ethanol selling price (MESP) of $2.24/gallon ($0.59/L), a $0.31/gallon ($0.08/L) increase relative to the baseline no intervention case. The levelized cost of carbon abatement is 84 $/tCO2e. Sensitivity analysis reveals that carbon-neutral or even carbon-negative ethanol can be achieved when oxyfuel carbon capture is stacked with low-CI alternatives to grid power and fossil natural gas. Conservatively, fermentation and oxyfuel CCS can reduce the CI of conventional ethanol by a net 44–50 gCO2/MJ. Full implementation of interventions explored in the sensitivity analysis would reduce CI by net 79–85 gCO2/MJ. Integrated oxyfuel and fermentation CCS is shown to be cost-effective under existing U.S. policy, offering near-term abatement opportunities.

中文翻译:

富氧锅炉生产乙醇的成本和生命周期排放以及碳捕获和储存

运输燃料的脱碳是减缓气候变化最棘手的挑战之一。与化石燃料相比,从玉米淀粉中提取的生物燃料提供了适度的生命周期温室气体 (GHG) 减排。在这里,我们表明捕获和储存玉米乙醇发酵产生的 CO 2排放量可使乙醇的温室气体强度 (CI) 降低约 58%,平准化成本为 52 $/tCO 2 e。富氧锅炉的集成能够以适中的成本进一步捕获 CO 2。该系统将 CI 降低 75% 至 15 gCO 2e/MJ,最低乙醇售价 (MESP) 为 2.24 美元/加仑(0.59 美元/升),相对于无干预情况下的基线上涨 0.31 美元/加仑(0.08 美元/升)。平准化碳减排成本为 84 $/tCO 2 e。敏感性分析表明,当富氧燃料碳捕获与电网电力和化石天然气的低 CI 替代品叠加使用时,可以实现碳中性甚至碳负乙醇。保守地说,发酵和富氧燃烧 CCS 可以将传统乙醇的 CI 净降低 44–50 gCO 2 /MJ。全面实施敏感性分析中探索的干预措施将使 CI 净减少 79–85 gCO 2/兆焦耳。综合富氧燃烧和发酵 CCS 被证明在美国现行政策下具有成本效益,提供了近期的减排机会。
更新日期:2023-03-21
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