Micro- and nanoplastics are released into the soil through various anthropogenic activities; however, research on ecological risk assessment (ERA) of soil microplastics is limited. In this study, the species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) of representative groups of soil biota were analyzed to determine their sensitivity to microplastic properties. A total of 411 datasets from apical endpoint data within 74 studies were classified and utilized in SSD estimation. The hazardous concentrations for 5% of species for microplastics was 88.18 (40.71–191.00) mg/kg soil. It has been established that small-sized microplastics are more toxic to soil organisms than larger microplastics. Most microplastics were spherical and polystyrene, exhibiting the most adverse effects among all the microplastic types assessed herein. The results suggest that physical characteristics of microplastics are important toxicity determinants in soil ecosystems. Given the potential for adverse environmental effects, further effective management strategies should urgently be employed in these areas. This study provided an integrated perspective of microplastic ecotoxicity in soil. In addition, SSDs were estimated using larger datasets and for more species than in previous studies. This is the first study to consider microplastic properties for estimating SSD.

微塑料和纳米塑料通过各种人类活动释放到土壤中；然而，土壤微塑料的生态风险评估（ERA）研究有限。在这项研究中，分析了代表性土壤生物群的物种敏感性分布 (SSD)，以确定它们对微塑料特性的敏感性。对来自 74 项研究中顶端终点数据的总共 411 个数据集进行了分类并用于 SSD 估计。5% 物种的微塑料危险浓度为 88.18 (40.71–191.00) mg/kg 土壤。已经确定，与较大的微塑料相比，小尺寸的微塑料对土壤生物的毒性更大。大多数微塑料是球形和聚苯乙烯，在本文评估的所有微塑料类型中表现出最不利的影响。结果表明，微塑料的物理特性是土壤生态系统中重要的毒性决定因素。鉴于可能对环境造成不利影响，应在这些地区紧急采用进一步有效的管理策略。本研究提供了土壤中微塑料生态毒性的综合视角。此外，与之前的研究相比，SSD 使用更大的数据集和更多的物种进行了估算。这是第一项考虑用于估计 SSD 的微塑料特性的研究。与之前的研究相比，SSD 使用更大的数据集和更多的物种进行了估算。这是第一项考虑用于估计 SSD 的微塑料特性的研究。与之前的研究相比，SSD 使用更大的数据集和更多的物种进行了估算。这是第一项考虑用于估计 SSD 的微塑料特性的研究。