Enabling the lithium metal anode (LMA) in solid-state batteries (SSBs) would increase energy density and specific energy compared with lithium-ion batteries. However, pore formation in LMAs with irregular morphology, even at low current density, during discharge results in an unstable, high-impedance interface. Understanding and addressing this inherent anode instability is essential for increasing the power densities in SSBs. Herein, we suggest that the morphology of the stripped electrode is related to dislocations in the LMA. To investigate the influence of dislocations, symmetric cells, LiǀLi_6.25Al_0.25La₃Zr₂O₁₂(LLZO)ǀX-Li, are studied, where X-Li represents the microstructurally controlled LMA obtained via suitable thermomechanical processing. Operando impedance measurements are corroborated with SEM, confocal microscopy, and AFM data. Based on the experimental observations, a mechanism for pore formation is proposed. We show that the stack pressure required to maintain a stable interface is governed by the lithium microstructure and its thermomechanical processing history.

与锂离子电池相比，在固态电池 (SSB) 中启用锂金属阳极 (LMA) 将提高能量密度和比能量。然而，在放电过程中，即使在低电流密度下，具有不规则形态的 LMA 中的孔形成也会导致不稳定的高阻抗界面。理解和解决这种固有的阳极不稳定性对于提高 SSB 的功率密度至关重要。在此，我们认为剥离电极的形态与 LMA 中的位错有关。为了研究位错、对称晶胞的影响，LiǀLi _6.25 Al _0.25 La ₃ Zr ₂ O ₁₂研究了 (LLZO)ǀX-Li，其中 X-Li 表示通过适当的热机械加工获得的微观结构控制的 LMA。操作阻抗测量得到 SEM、共聚焦显微镜和 AFM 数据的证实。基于实验观察，提出了孔形成的机制。我们表明，维持稳定界面所需的堆压由锂微观结构及其热机械加工历史决定。