Abstract

After decades of battling the quantitative and qualitative housing deficits, Latin American countries are seeing new types of challenges in housing. Neoliberal policies favouring individual (low-cost) homeownership have weakened social trust and solidarity between neighbours, and some housing areas face poor urban amenities. An example of this is Chile, where housing policy measures have brought adverse effects such as deteriorating housing quality and the relocation of families to peripheral areas. This has caused the breakdown of family ties, community life, and social cohesion. Although various studies on the housing deficit in Chile have been carried out, these studies have not comprehensively addressed the multiple dimensions of housing. Therefore, this review explores how Chilean housing policies have addressed the housing deficit from four dimensions: quantitative, qualitative, urban, and social. To this end, we reviewed Chilean housing policies and programmes and their response to the housing deficit from the neoliberal period onwards. We found that these policies and interventions have focused on solving the quantitative and, to a lesser extent, qualitative and urban deficits while sparsely addressing the non-physical or intangible social dimension. We conclude this article with recommendations to address the social deficit of housing in future policies.

摘要

经过数十年与数量和质量的住房赤字作斗争后，拉丁美洲国家在住房方面面临着新的挑战。有利于个人（低成本）房屋所有权的新自由主义政策削弱了邻里之间的社会信任和团结，一些住宅区面临城市便利设施差的问题。这方面的一个例子是智利，其住房政策措施带来了住房质量恶化和家庭向周边地区迁移等不利影响。这导致了家庭关系、社区生活和社会凝聚力的破裂。尽管对智利的住房赤字进行了各种研究，但这些研究并未全面解决住房的多个方面。所以，本综述探讨了智利的住房政策如何从四个维度解决住房短缺问题：定量、定性、城市和社会。为此，我们回顾了智利的住房政策和计划及其对新自由主义时期以来住房赤字的应对措施。我们发现，这些政策和干预措施侧重于解决定量和较小程度上的定性和城市缺陷，同时很少解决非物质或无形的社会维度。我们在本文的结尾提出了在未来政策中解决住房社会赤字的建议。我们发现，这些政策和干预措施侧重于解决定量和较小程度上的定性和城市缺陷，同时很少解决非物质或无形的社会维度。我们在本文的结尾提出了在未来政策中解决住房社会赤字的建议。我们发现，这些政策和干预措施侧重于解决定量和较小程度上的定性和城市缺陷，同时很少解决非物质或无形的社会维度。我们在本文的结尾提出了在未来政策中解决住房社会赤字的建议。