Nitrofurazone (NFZ) is an antibiotic banned in many countries, as its residue seriously harms the human body. Herein, anti-NFZ aptamers were selected and identified based on the magnetic bead SELEX technique using a ssDNA library with a full length of 90 nucleotides (nt). Five full sequence candidate aptamers (NFZ8, NFZ24, NFZ28, NFZ34, and NFZ70) were obtained by secondary structure analysis. We optimized the entire sequence to obtain a truncated aptamer, a 16 nt sequence (NFZ8-1:5′-GTTCTATTGAAAAAAC-3′) that showed the highest affinity for NFZ (K_d = 76.11 nM). The binding site of NFZ and aptamer NFZ8-1 was found to be "GAA" by molecular docking. In addition, utilizing the most special truncated aptamer NFZ8-1 as the identification probe, a graphene oxide fluorescent aptasensor is an innovative for the detection of NFZ residue that showed a wide linear reach from 1.25 to 160 ng/mL and a low limit of detection of 1.13 ng/mL. In the actual water environment sample detection, the recovery rate ranged from 95.21 to 113.66%, and the coefficient of variation ranged from 3.53 to 11.24%. These results demonstrate that the NFZ-truncated aptamer applied to the aptasensor provides a novel methodology for recognizing NFZ residues.

呋喃西林(NFZ)是一种被许多国家禁用的抗生素，因为它的残留物对人体有严重的危害。在此，使用全长 90 个核苷酸 (nt) 的 ssDNA 文库，基于磁珠 SELEX 技术选择和鉴定抗 NFZ 适体。通过二级结构分析获得了五个全序列候选适体（NFZ8、NFZ24、NFZ28、NFZ34 和 NFZ70）。_{我们优化了整个序列以获得截短的适配体，这是一个 16 nt 序列 (NFZ8-1:5'-GTTCTATTGAAAAAAC-3')，它显示出对 NFZ (K d)}的最高亲和力 = 76.11 纳米）。通过分子对接发现NFZ与适体NFZ8-1的结合位点为“GAA”。此外，利用最特殊的截短适配体NFZ8-1作为识别探针，氧化石墨烯荧光适体传感器是检测NFZ残留物的创新，具有1.25至160 ng / mL的宽线性范围和低检测限1.13 纳克/毫升。在实际水环境样品检测中，回收率为95.21~113.66%，变异系数为3.53~11.24%。这些结果表明，应用于适体传感器的 NFZ 截短适体提供了一种识别 NFZ 残基的新方法。