This paper investigates the lexicalizations of prototypical basic emotion concepts in Polish. A catalogue of all words denoting basic emotions (anger, disgust, fear, sadness, surprise, joy) in Polish has been created to qualitatively and quantitatively explore the lexicalizations and to draw an ethnopsychological profile of Poles. The catalogue contains basic emotion terms and their synonyms in noun, verb, and adjective forms, as well as data pertaining to grammatical gender and word frequency. A quantitative and qualitative exploratory analysis of the catalogued data was conducted to determine which of the six basic emotion concepts are lexicalized most richly and completely, and which types of emotion terms are used most frequently. The results indicate that in Polish emotions are preferentially expressed as nouns, even though they are more frequently lexicalized as adjectives. There are also more words for negative emotions than for positive ones (negative differentiation effect), though the positive emotion words are used more frequently than all the negative words combined (Pollyanna effect). Polish also shows a marked preference for overtly verbalizing the neutral emotion of surprise – the smallest category by number of words denoting the emotion. Implications of the results for psychotherapy and bilingualism studies are discussed.

中文翻译：

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EMCAT-POL：波兰语的 817 个基本情感术语目录

本文研究了波兰语中原型基本情感概念的词汇化。所有表示基本情绪的词的目录（愤怒,厌恶,害怕,悲伤,惊喜,喜悦) 波兰语的创建是为了定性和定量地探索词汇化，并绘制波兰人的民族心理学概况。该目录包含基本情感术语及其名词、动词和形容词形式的同义词，以及与语法性别和词频有关的数据。对编目数据进行了定量和定性的探索性分析，以确定六个基本情感概念中哪些概念的词汇化最丰富、最完整，以及哪种类型的情感术语使用最频繁。结果表明，在波兰语中，情绪优先表达为名词，尽管它们更频繁地被词汇化为形容词。消极情绪的词也比积极情绪的词多（消极分化效应），尽管积极情绪词的使用频率高于所有消极情绪词的总和（波丽安娜效应）。波兰人还表现出明显偏好公开表达中性情绪惊喜– 表示情感的单词数量最少的类别。讨论了心理治疗和双语研究结果的意义。