The structural deterioration of urban underground pipe networks is the accumulated combined effects of physical, environmental and operational factors during the whole lifecycle. Accurate on-site locating and mapping of pipes and their conditions has been a great challenge for construction, maintenance and emergency response in a dynamic manner. Existing approaches, mostly based on design-centric and static visualization, are unsuitable for implementation within the operation and maintenance (O&M) phase because they are performed in a completely virtual environment and are unable to interact with buried assets on site. An integrated hyperrealistic visualization framework based on mobile augmented reality (MAR) is developed to support various real-life project tasks for O&M support of urban underground pipe networks. The proposed approach consists of three parts: a cloud-based data management platform, a 3D visualization development platform, and a location-based registration method for MAR. A cloud–edge–mobile layer is proposed to manage, analyze, process and visualize multisource data, especially for dynamic data. Field experiments on a real-life urban gas pipe network were carried out to investigate the feasibility of the proposed framework to achieve informed O&M support. The results demonstrate that (1) a smartphone linked to a Lite RTK device allows for both accurate locating and easy operation; (2) both the 3D virtual digital model and the multisource data visually superimpose onto the realistic environment, enabling on-site human–machine interaction in a hyperrealistic manner; and (3) MAR-based immersive visualization contributes to avoiding excavation damage, improving O&M efficiency and assisting emergency responders to make timely and better–informed decisions based on multisource information fusion.

城市地下管网的结构劣化是物理、环境和运营因素在整个生命周期内的累积综合作用。管道及其状况的准确现场定位和测绘一直是动态施工、维护和应急响应的巨大挑战。现有方法主要基于以设计为中心的静态可视化，不适合在运维 (O&M) 阶段实施，因为它们是在完全虚拟的环境中执行的，无法与现场埋藏的资产进行交互。开发了一个基于移动增强现实（MAR）的集成超现实可视化框架，以支持城市地下管网运维支持的各种现实项目任务。所提出的方法由三部分组成：基于云的数据管理平台、3D 可视化开发平台和基于位置的 MAR 注册方法。提出了一个云-边缘-移动层来管理、分析、处理和可视化多源数据，尤其是动态数据。对现实生活中的城市燃气管网进行了现场试验，以研究所提出的框架实现知情 O&M 支持的可行性。结果表明：(1) 智能手机连接 Lite RTK 设备既可以准确定位又可以轻松操作；(2) 3D虚拟数字模型和多源数据在视觉上叠加到现实环境中，以超现实的方式实现现场人机交互；