As a considerable amount of greenhouse gas emissions are caused by the transport sector, the German government has initiated programs for the promotion of electric vehicles (EVs) and the installation of charging infrastructure. A harmonized solution for vehicle authentication, payment methods, and pricing models is required since currently available charging stations are highly heterogeneous resulting in challenges for EV users and potentially in dissatisfying charging experiences. To provide recommendations for charging station operators and transport policy measures, a stated preference experiment was designed. In computer-assisted personal interviews, 450 respondents were provided with choice tasks with different configurations, where they indicated their preferences by choosing the most preferred charging station. Results from a mixed multinomial logit model indicate that future charging stations should enable vehicle authentication via the charging cable (Plug&Charge), provide card-based payment (debit or credit card), and charge per amount of electricity (kWh). Further, higher shares of renewable energy at charging stations are preferred and tend to increase the acceptance of EVs.

由于交通部门排放了大量温室气体，德国政府启动了推广电动汽车 (EV) 和安装充电基础设施的计划。由于目前可用的充电站高度异构，导致电动汽车用户面临挑战，并可能导致充电体验不尽如人意，因此需要针对车辆身份验证、支付方式和定价模型的统一解决方案。为了给充电站运营商和交通政策措施提供建议，设计了一个陈述偏好实验。在计算机辅助个人访谈中，向 450 名受访者提供了不同配置的选择任务，他们通过选择最喜欢的充电站来表明自己的偏好。混合多项式 logit 模型的结果表明，未来的充电站应通过充电电缆 (Plug&Charge) 实现车辆身份验证，提供基于卡的支付（借记卡或信用卡），并按电量（千瓦时）收费。此外，充电站的可再生能源比例更高是首选，并且往往会增加电动汽车的接受度。