Maleic acid polymer scale inhibitor is a new domestic seawater desalination scale inhibitor. This study tested the acute oral toxicity, sub-chronic toxicity and genotoxicity of this new inhibitor. The LD₅₀ obtained from the acute oral toxicity test was 6810 and 9260 mg/kg·BW for male and female rats, as well as 1/5, 1/10 and 1/20 LD₅₀ were as the dose for sub-chronic toxicity test. It showed the weight of male rats with high dose was significantly lower than the control group during the exposure period (p < 0.05), and the food consumption in the first 4 weeks was lower than the control group (p_{_week1} = 0.0261, p_{_week4} = 0.00222). The blood biochemical results showed the UREA in the medium- and high-dose groups were significantly higher than the control group (p_{_ female medium} = 0.0047, p_{_high} = 0.0037; p_{_male medium} = 0.0026, p_{_high} < 0.001), and increased as a dose dependence. Based on UREA results, the NOAEL and LOAEL were 1/20 LD₅₀ and 1/10 LD₅₀, respectively (males: 340.5 and 681 mg/kg·BW, females: 436 and 926 mg/kg·BW). Comet assay in vitro and Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test were jointly to judge genotoxicity. This inhibitor did not cause chromosome aberrations in mouse bone marrow cells. However, the tail moment of CHO cell in all groups (p < 0.01) and the DNA% in tail in the 1/4 IC₅₀ and IC₅₀ groups were higher than the negative control (p < 0.001) in comet assay, suggesting the potential DNA damage in CHO cell. The oral LD₅₀ and the NOAEL and LOAEL obtained in this study provides a theoretical basis for further toxicity research and risk assessment.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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一种新型海水淡化阻垢剂的一般毒性和遗传毒性研究

马来酸聚合物阻垢剂是一种新型国产海水淡化阻垢剂。本研究测试了这种新型抑制剂的急性口服毒性、亚慢性毒性和遗传毒性。雄性和雌性大鼠急性经口毒性试验得到的LD ₅₀分别为6810和9260 mg/kg·BW，亚慢性毒性剂量分别为1/5、1/10和1/20 LD ₅₀测试。显示高剂量雄性大鼠在暴露期间体重显着低于对照组( p  < 0.05)，前4周摄食量低于对照组( _{p_week1} =  0.0261 _, p _{_第 4 周}= 0.00222）。_{血生化结果显示中、高剂量组尿素显着}高于对照组（p_female _medium  =0.0047，p_high  =0.0037；_{p_male} medium ₌  0.0026，p_high  <0.001），并随着剂量依赖性增加。根据 UREA 结果，NOAEL 和 LOAEL 分别为 1/20 LD ₅₀和 1/10 LD ₅₀，分别为（雄性：340.5和681 mg/kg·BW，雌性：436和926 mg/kg·BW）。体外彗星试验和哺乳动物红细胞微核试验联合判断遗传毒性。该抑制剂不会引起小鼠骨髓细胞的染色体畸变。 然而，在彗星试验中，各组 CHO 细胞的尾矩（p < 0.01）和 1/4 IC ₅₀和 IC ₅₀组 的尾部 DNA% 均高于阴性对照（p < 0.001），表明CHO 细胞中潜在的 DNA 损伤。本研究获得的口服LD ₅₀以及NOAEL和LOAEL为进一步的毒性研究和风险评估提供了理论依据。

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