Identification of genetic risk factors may inform the prevention and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study evaluates the associations of polygenic risk scores (PRS) with patterns of posttraumatic stress symptoms following combat deployment.

US Army soldiers of European ancestry (n = 4900) provided genomic data and ratings of posttraumatic stress symptoms before and after deployment to Afghanistan in 2012. Latent growth mixture modeling was used to model posttraumatic stress symptom trajectories among participants who provided post-deployment data (n = 4353). Multinomial logistic regression models tested independent associations between trajectory membership and PRS for PTSD, major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia, neuroticism, alcohol use disorder, and suicide attempt, controlling for age, sex, ancestry, and exposure to potentially traumatic events, and weighted to account for uncertainty in trajectory classification and missing data.

Participants were classified into low-severity (77.2%), increasing-severity (10.5%), decreasing-severity (8.0%), and high-severity (4.3%) posttraumatic stress symptom trajectories. Standardized PTSD-PRS and MDD-PRS were associated with greater odds of membership in the high-severity v. low-severity trajectory [adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, 1.23 (1.06–1.43) and 1.18 (1.02–1.37), respectively] and the increasing-severity v. low-severity trajectory [1.12 (1.01–1.25) and 1.16 (1.04–1.28), respectively]. Additionally, MDD-PRS was associated with greater odds of membership in the decreasing-severity v. low-severity trajectory [1.16 (1.03–1.31)]. No other associations were statistically significant.

Higher polygenic risk for PTSD or MDD is associated with more severe posttraumatic stress symptom trajectories following combat deployment. PRS may help stratify at-risk individuals, enabling more precise targeting of treatment and prevention programs.

遗传风险因素的识别可以为创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的预防和治疗提供信息。本研究评估了多基因风险评分（PRS）与战斗部署后创伤后应激症状模式的关联。

欧洲血统的美国陆军士兵 ( n = 4900) 提供了 2012 年部署到阿富汗前后的基因组数据和创伤后应激症状的评级。潜在生长混合模型用于对提供部署后数据的参与者的创伤后应激症状轨迹进行建模（ n = 4353）。多项逻辑回归模型测试了轨迹成员资格与 PTSD、重度抑郁症 (MDD)、精神分裂症、神经质、酒精使用障碍和自杀未遂的 PRS 之间的独立关联，控制了年龄、性别、血统和潜在创伤事件的暴露，加权以解释轨迹分类和缺失数据的不确定性。

参与者被分为低严重性（77.2%）、严重性增加（10.5%）、严重性减少（8.0%）和高严重性（4.3%）创伤后应激症状轨迹。标准化 PTSD-PRS 和 MDD-PRS与高严重性与低严重性轨迹中的成员资格更大的几率相关[调整后的比值比和 95% 置信区间，1.23 (1.06–1.43) 和 1.18 (1.02–1.37)，分别]和严重程度增加与低严重程度轨迹[分别为1.12（1.01-1.25）和1.16（1.04-1.28）]。此外，MDD-PRS 与严重程度降低与低严重程度轨迹中的成员资格更大的几率相关 [1.16 (1.03–1.31)]。没有其他关联具有统计显着性。

较高的 PTSD 或 MDD 多基因风险与战斗部署后更严重的创伤后应激症状轨迹相关。 PRS 可以帮助对高危人群进行分层，从而更精确地制定治疗和预防计划。