Recently, lentinan (LNT) has been utilized for its diversified potential in research with an extended role from nutritional or medicinal applications to a novel biomaterial. LNT is a biocompatible, multifunctional polysaccharide employed as a pharmaceutical additive in engineering customized drug or gene carriers with an improved safety profile. Its triple helical structure containing hydrogen bonding offers more extraordinary binding sites for the attachments of dectin-1 receptors and polynucleotide sequences (poly(dA)). Hence, the diseases expressing dectin-1 receptors can be specifically targeted through so-designed LNT-engineered drug carriers. Gene delivery using poly(dA)-s-LNT complexes and composites has exhibited greater targetability and specificity. The achievement of such gene applications is assessed through the pH and redox potential of the extracellular cell membrane. The steric hindrance-acquiring behavior of LNT shows promise as a system stabilizer in drug carrier engineering. LNT shows viscoelastic gelling behavior temperature-dependently and therefore needs to explore more to meet topical disease applications. The immunomodulatory and vaccine adjuvant properties of LNT help in mitigating viral infections too. This review highlights the new role of LNT as a novel biomaterial, particularly in drug delivery and gene delivery applications. In addition, its importance in achieving various biomedical applications is also discussed.

中文翻译：

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香菇多糖：一种在药物和基因传递应用中尚未开发的新型生物材料。

最近，香菇多糖 (LNT) 因其在研究中的多样化潜力而被利用，其作用从营养或医学应用扩展到新型生物材料。LNT 是一种生物相容性多功能多糖，用作工程定制药物或基因载体的药物添加剂，具有更高的安全性。其含有氢键的三螺旋结构为 Dectin-1 受体和多核苷酸序列 (poly(dA)) 的连接提供了更多非凡的结合位点。因此，通过如此设计的 LNT 工程药物载体可以特异性靶向表达 dectin-1 受体的疾病。使用聚 (dA)-s-LNT 复合物和复合材料的基因递送表现出更高的靶向性和特异性。通过细胞外细胞膜的 pH 值和氧化还原电位来评估此类基因应用的成就。LNT 的空间位阻获得行为显示出作为药物载体工程中的系统稳定剂的前景。LNT 显示粘弹性胶凝行为依赖于温度，因此需要探索更多以满足局部疾病应用。LNT 的免疫调节和疫苗佐剂特性也有助于减轻病毒感染。这篇综述强调了 LNT 作为一种新型生物材料的新作用，特别是在药物递送和基因递送应用中。此外，还讨论了它在实现各种生物医学应用中的重要性。LNT 显示粘弹性胶凝行为依赖于温度，因此需要探索更多以满足局部疾病应用。LNT 的免疫调节和疫苗佐剂特性也有助于减轻病毒感染。这篇综述强调了 LNT 作为一种新型生物材料的新作用，特别是在药物递送和基因递送应用中。此外，还讨论了它在实现各种生物医学应用中的重要性。LNT 显示粘弹性胶凝行为依赖于温度，因此需要探索更多以满足局部疾病应用。LNT 的免疫调节和疫苗佐剂特性也有助于减轻病毒感染。这篇综述强调了 LNT 作为一种新型生物材料的新作用，特别是在药物递送和基因递送应用中。此外，还讨论了它在实现各种生物医学应用中的重要性。