A wide range of chemicals was measured in different types of drinking water and urine samples through target and non-target screening (NTS) to estimate human exposure. Tap water samples collected from 42 locations in Barcelona (August–October/2020, May/2021), tap water filtered with domestic activated carbon filters (AC, N = 6) and reverse osmosis (RO, N = 5), commercial bottled water (N = 10), and urine (N = 39) samples were included. 35 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), bisphenol A, and nonylphenol were analyzed using LC–MS/MS and GC–MS/MS, and NTS using LC–HRMS. 9 PFAS were detected in unfiltered tap water of first sampling (79% samples, median = 30 ng/L), 6 in the second (69%, median = 9.8 ng/L), and 5 in 13% urine samples. NTS tentatively identified pharmaceuticals and other industrial chemicals in drinking water. PFAS were removed by RO and not by AC filters. Findings provide valuable information for exposure science and water quality monitoring of emerging drinking water contaminants.

通过目标和非目标筛选 (NTS) 对不同类型的饮用水和尿液样本中的多种化学物质进行了测量，以估计人体暴露情况。从巴塞罗那的 42 个地点收集的自来水样本（2020 年 8 月至 10 月，2021 年 5 月）、用家用活性炭过滤器（AC，N = 6）和反渗透（RO  ，N  = 5）过滤的自来水、商业瓶装水（N  = 10）和尿液（N  = 39）样本。使用 LC – MS/MS 和 GC – MS/MS分析了 35 种全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS)、双酚 A 和壬基酚，使用 LC – 分析了 NTS –人力资源管理系统。在第一次采样的未过滤自来水中检测到 9 种 PFAS（79% 样本，中值 = 30 ng/L），第二次采样中检测到 6 种（69%，中值 = 9.8 ng/L），在 13% 的尿液样本中检测到 5 种。NTS 初步确定了饮用水中的药物和其他工业化学品。PFAS 被 RO 而不是 AC 过滤器去除。研究结果为新出现的饮用水污染物的暴露科学和水质监测提供了有价值的信息。