Sports Medicine ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01816-1 Melanie Knopp 1, 2 , Borja Muñiz-Pardos 3 , Henning Wackerhage 2 , Martin Schönfelder 2 , Fergus Guppy 4 , Yannis Pitsiladis 5 , Daniel Ruiz 1
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Background
Advanced footwear technology improves average running economy compared with racing flats in sub-elite athletes. However, not all athletes benefit as performance changes vary from a 10% drawback to a 14% improvement. The main beneficiaries from such technologies, world-class athletes, have only been analyzed using race times.
Objective
The aim of this study was to measure running economy on a laboratory treadmill in advanced footwear technology compared to a traditional racing flat in world-class Kenyan (mean half-marathon time: 59:30 min:s) versus European amateur runners.
Methods
Seven world-class Kenyan and seven amateur European male runners completed a maximal oxygen uptake assessment and submaximal steady-state running economy trials in three different models of advanced footwear technology and a racing flat. To confirm our results and better understand the overall effect of new technology in running shoes, we conducted a systematic search and meta-analysis.
Results
Laboratory results revealed large variability in both world-class Kenyan road runners, which ranged from a 11.3% drawback to a 11.4% benefit, and amateur Europeans, which ranged from a 9.7% benefit to a 1.1% drawback in running economy of advanced footwear technology compared to a flat. The post-hoc meta-analysis revealed an overall significant medium benefit of advanced footwear technology on running economy compared with traditional flats.
Conclusions
Variability of advanced footwear technology performance appears in both world-class and amateur runners, suggesting further testing should examine such variability to ensure validity of results and explain the cause as a more personalized approach to shoe selection might be necessary for optimal benefit.
中文翻译：
采用先进鞋类跑步技术的肯尼亚世界级和欧洲业余男性跑步者的跑步经济性差异：实验和荟萃分析结果
背景
与亚精英运动员的比赛平底鞋相比，先进的鞋类技术提高了平均跑步经济性。然而，并非所有运动员都受益，因为表现变化从 10% 的下降到 14% 的提高不等。这些技术的主要受益者，世界级运动员，仅使用比赛时间进行了分析。
客观的
这项研究的目的是衡量在先进鞋类技术的实验室跑步机上与世界级肯尼亚（平均半程马拉松时间：59:30 分钟：秒）与欧洲业余跑步者的传统跑鞋相比的跑步经济性。
方法
七名世界级肯尼亚选手和七名业余欧洲男选手在三种不同型号的先进鞋类技术和比赛平底鞋中完成了最大摄氧量评估和次最大稳态跑步经济性试验。为了确认我们的结果并更好地了解新技术在跑鞋中的整体效果，我们进行了系统的搜索和荟萃分析。
结果
实验室结果显示，世界级的肯尼亚路跑运动员和欧洲业余选手的差异很大，从 11.3% 的劣势到 11.4% 的收益不等，在先进鞋类技术的跑步经济性方面从 9.7% 的收益到 1.1% 的劣势不等与公寓相比。事后荟萃分析显示，与传统平底鞋相比，先进鞋类技术对跑步经济性的整体显着中等效益。
结论
先进鞋类技术性能的差异出现在世界级和业余跑步者身上，建议进一步测试应该检查这种差异以确保结果的有效性并解释原因，因为可能需要更个性化的鞋子选择方法以获得最佳效益。
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