No matter how good a smart device may be, it remains useless outside the context of a digital ecosystem. Internet of Things (IoT) environments are possible as long as services and products can interconnect smoothly and exchange data in real time. Therefore, interoperability ranks high in global policy agendas, with the promise of bringing an end to network effects slanted in favour of ecosystem orchestrators. However, recent regulatory initiatives introducing interoperability obligations risk falling short of their intent or even risk generating unintended consequences in the absence of a coherent approach to standardisation. Against this backdrop, focusing on the UK Open Banking experience, this article makes a proposal for workable interoperability in IoT ecosystems aimed at ensuring market contestability without undermining incentives to innovate.

无论智能设备有多好，在数字生态系统之外它仍然毫无用处。只要服务和产品能够顺利互连并实时交换数据，物联网 (IoT) 环境就有可能实现。因此，互操作性在全球政策议程中名列前茅，结束网络效应的承诺有利于生态系统协调者。然而，最近引入互操作性义务的监管举措可能会达不到其意图，甚至在缺乏一致的标准化方法的情况下可能会产生意想不到的后果。在此背景下，本文重点关注英国开放银行的经验，提出了物联网生态系统中可行的互操作性建议，旨在确保市场竞争性，同时又不损害创新动力。