Ag-carbon composite interlayers have been reported to enable Li-free (anodeless) cycling of solid-state batteries. Here, we report structural changes in the Ag-graphite interlayer, showing that on charge, Li intercalates electrochemically into graphite, subsequently reacting chemically with Ag to form Li-Ag alloys. Discharge is not the reverse of charge but rather passes through Li-deficient Li-Ag phases. At higher charging rates, Li intercalation into graphite outpaces the chemical reactions with Ag, delaying the formation of the Li-Ag phases and resulting in more Li metal deposition at the current collector. At and above 2.5 mA·cm⁻², Li dendrites are not suppressed. Ag nanoparticles do not suppress dendrites more effectively than does an interlayer of graphite alone. Instead, Ag in the carbon interlayer results in more homogeneous Li and Li-Ag formation on the current collector during charge.

据报道，Ag-carbon 复合夹层可实现固态电池的无锂（无阳极）循环。在这里，我们报告了 Ag-石墨夹层的结构变化，表明在充电时，Li 以电化学方式嵌入石墨中，随后与 Ag 发生化学反应形成 Li-Ag 合金。放电不是充电的逆过程，而是通过缺锂的 Li-Ag 相。在较高的充电速率下，Li 嵌入石墨中的速度超过了与 Ag 的化学反应，从而延迟了 Li-Ag 相的形成并导致集电器处有更多的 Li 金属沉积。^{2.5 mA·cm －2}以上, Li 枝晶没有被抑制。与单独的石墨夹层相比，Ag 纳米颗粒不会更有效地抑制枝晶。相反，碳夹层中的 Ag 在充电过程中会在集电器上形成更均匀的 Li 和 Li-Ag。