India has one of the highest levels of gender inequality in the world. Work participation rate of women is among the lowest, with a wide gender gap. There are seclusion norms that restrict the mobility of women outside the home. However, transport literature in India has not explored the impact of this lack of autonomy on gender differences in travel demand. I use 2019 population-representative nationwide time-use survey of India. The dataset reported both travel and non-travel activities for 30-minute episodes over a 24-hour period. For urban residents, I analysed gender differences in trip rates and mobility rates, where the latter is defined as the percentage going out of home at least once on the reporting day. I developed gender-stratified logistic regression models at the individual level with mobility as a binary outcome. It was found that 53% of the females did not report going out of the home compared to only 14% of males. The mobility of females reduces steeply from adolescence to young adulthood and then remains largely stable at a low level before reducing further for older adults. No such variation is observed among males, except their mobility is also reduced among older adults. There is a clear dichotomy with women mostly participating in in-house activities while men mostly involved in out-of-home activities. Adolescence or adulthood, marriage, living with one or more household members, having an infant in the house, lower income, and less education are associated with a lower likelihood of female mobility. The results highlight the need for gender-stratified analysis for transportation research, and a need for greater engagement across the disciplines of development economics, social sciences, and transport planning.

印度是世界上性别不平等程度最高的国家之一。女性的工作参与率最低，性别差距较大。有一些隔离规范限制了女性在家庭之外的活动。然而，印度的交通文献并未探讨这种缺乏自主权对旅行需求中性别差异的影响。我使用 2019 年印度全国人口代表性时间使用调查。该数据集报告了 24 小时内 30 分钟的旅行和非旅行活动。对于城市居民，我分析了出行率和出行率的性别差异，后者定义为在报告日至少出门一次的百分比。我在个人层面开发了性别分层逻辑回归模型，并将流动性作为二元结果。结果发现，53% 的女性没有报告出门，而男性只有 14%。女性的流动性从青春期到成年早期急剧下降，然后在低水平上基本保持稳定，然后在老年人进一步减少。在男性中没有观察到这种变化，除了他们的活动能力在老年人中也有所降低。存在明显的二分法，女性主要参与室内活动，而男性主要参与户外活动。青春期或成年期、婚姻、与一名或多名家庭成员同住、家中有婴儿、收入较低和受教育程度较低与女性流动性较低的可能性有关。结果强调了对交通研究进行性别分层分析的必要性，