Background: The aim of this study was to culture fungi from the nasal discharge of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) using both a traditional and Ponikau et al’s method, and subsequently compare the culture results between CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNPs), and between eosinophilic and noneosinophilic CRS. Methods: Eighty-one CRS patients with CRS who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery were enrolled. Before surgery, the severity of each patient’s CRS was evaluated through an endoscopic examination and CT scan. Swab samples were collected from the middle meatus for traditional fungal cultures using cotton-tipped sticks. Afterward, the ipsilateral nasal cavity was irrigated, with the irrigated fluid processed using Ponikau et al’s method for fungal culture. Results: The endoscopic and CT scores were significantly higher in CRSwNPs than CRSsNPs, but were not different between eosinophilic CRS and noneosinophilic CRS. Using Ponikau et al’s method, 61/81 (75.3%) of the specimens grew fungi. Among them, 20 of 32 (62.5%) CRSwNPs specimens and 41 of 49 (83.7%) CRSsNPs specimens grew fungi. For eosinophilic CRS specimens, 35 of 46 (76.1%) grew fungi, and 26 of 35 (74.3%) noneosinophilic CRS specimens grew fungi. The fungal culture rate was borderline significantly higher in CRSsNPs than CRSwNPs (p = 0.058) but was not significantly different between eosinophilic CRS and noneosinophilic CRS (p = 1). However, Cladosporium was significantly more common in CRSsNPs than CRSwNPs (p = 0.048). Conclusion: Our results showed that the mycology of CRS was different between CRSwNPs and CRSsNPs.

中文翻译：

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不同类型慢性鼻-鼻窦炎真菌学比较

背景：本研究的目的是使用传统方法和Ponikau等人的方法从慢性鼻窦炎（CRS）患者的鼻分泌物中培养真菌，然后比较有鼻息肉（CRSwNPs）和无鼻息肉的CRS之间的培养结果。 CRSsNPs），以及嗜酸性粒细胞和非嗜酸性粒细胞 CRS 之间的关系。 方法：81 名接受功能性内窥镜鼻窦手术的 CRS 患者纳入研究。手术前，通过内窥镜检查和CT扫描评估每位患者CRS的严重程度。从中鼻道采集拭子样本，使用棉签进行传统真菌培养。随后冲洗同侧鼻腔，冲洗液采用Ponikau等人的方法进行真菌培养。 结果：CRSwNP 的内镜和 CT 评分显着高于 CRSsNP，但嗜酸性粒细胞 CRS 和非嗜酸性粒细胞 CRS 之间没有差异。使用 Ponikau 等人的方法，61/81 (75.3%) 的标本生长了真菌。其中，32个CRSwNPs样本中的20个（62.5%）和49个CRSsNPs样本中的41个（83.7%）生长了真菌。对于嗜酸性 CRS 标本，46 个 CRS 标本中的 35 个（76.1%）生长了真菌，35 个非嗜酸性 CRS 标本中的 26 个（74.3%）生长了真菌。 CRSsNPs 中的真菌培养率显着高于 CRSwNPs（p= 0.058），但嗜酸性 CRS 和非嗜酸性 CRS 之间没有显着差异（p= 1).然而，枝孢属在 CRSsNP 中比 CRSwNP 中更常见（p= 0.048）。 结论：我们的结果表明，CRSwNP 和 CRSsNP 之间的 CRS 真菌学不同。