OBJECTIVE Patients with severe mental illness have a high risk of suicide and frequently living eliminated from mainstream society, but the effects of social support on suicide-related behaviors among this crowd is inconclusive. The present study aimed to explore such effects among patients with severe mental illness. METHODS We implemented a meta-analysis and a qualitative analysis of relevant studies published before February 6, 2023. Correlation coefficients (r) and 95 % CI were selected as the effect size index in meta-analysis. Studies that did not report correlation coefficients were employed for qualitative analysis. RESULTS Out of 4241 identified studies, 16 were identified in this review (6 for meta-analysis, 10 for qualitative analysis). The meta-analysis presented that the pooled correlation coefficients (r) were - 0.163 (95%CI = -0.243, -0.080, P < 0.001), suggesting a negative correlation between social support and suicidal ideation. The subgroup analysis showed that this effect works in all bipolar disorder, major depression, and schizophrenia. Concerning qualitative analysis, social support presented positive effects on reducing suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide death. The effects were consistently reported in female patients. However, there existed some unaffected results in males. LIMITATIONS The included studies were from middle- and high-income countries and used inconsistent measurement tools, our results may have some bias. CONCLUSIONS The effects of social support in reducing suicide-related behaviors were positive, but it showed better effects in both female patients and adults. Males and adolescents deserve more attention. Future research needs to pay more attention to the implementation methods and effects of personalized social support.

中文翻译：

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社会支持对严重精神疾病患者自杀相关行为的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析。

目的 严重精神疾病患者自杀风险高，经常被主流社会淘汰，但社会支持对这一人群自杀相关行为的影响尚无定论。本研究旨在探讨这种对严重精神疾病患者的影响。方法 我们对 2023 年 2 月 6 日之前发表的相关研究进行了荟萃分析和定性分析。选择相关系数 (r) 和 95% CI 作为荟萃分析中的效应量指标。未报告相关系数​​的研究用于定性分析。结果 在 4241 项已确定的研究中，本次审查确定了 16 项（6 项用于荟萃分析，10 项用于定性分析）。荟萃分析显示合并相关系数 (r) 为 - 0.163 (95%CI = -0. 243, -0.080, P < 0.001)，表明社会支持与自杀意念之间呈负相关。亚组分析表明，这种效应适用于所有双相情感障碍、重度抑郁症和精神分裂症。关于定性分析，社会支持对减少自杀意念、自杀未遂和自杀死亡有积极影响。女性患者一致报告了这些影响。然而，在男性中存在一些不受影响的结果。局限性 纳入的研究来自中高收入国家并且使用了不一致的测量工具，我们的结果可能存在一些偏差。结论 社会支持对减少自杀相关行为的影响是积极的，但对女性患者和成人患者的效果更好。男性和青少年值得更多关注。