Objectives

To describe the epidemiological and clinical features of paediatric scar inpatients and then to facilitate therapeutic schedule for children with scars.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, data of patients admitted for scar treatment in 1064 tertiary hospitals from 2013 to 2018 were extracted through the Hospital Quality Monitoring System (HQMS) database. Demographic and clinical features of children with scars were analysed statistically and highlighted compared with those of adults and the elderly scar cases.

Results

In this study, 53,741 paediatric scar cases, accounting for 30.29% of all hospitalized for scar, were analysed. Compared to adults and the elderly, children with scars were mainly males (62.27% vs 50.98% vs 49.85%, P < 0.001) and were vulnerable to scalds (37.10%) and operative intervention (34.11%). Although the scalp/face/neck was the most common affected location, the proportion of scars involving upper limbs (27.88% vs 21.69% vs 7.28%, P < 0.001), lower limbs (15.14% vs 10.28% vs 6.56%, P < 0.001) and perineum (4.59% vs 3.13% vs 2.65%, P < 0.001) was higher in children than that in other two groups. Scar contracture was the most common complications in children (45.27%). Nearly 66% of paediatric scar cases received surgical treatment during hospitalization, among whom release of lesion was the most frequent operation (56.35%). The proportion of keloids was relatively lower in child cases than in other two groups (6.20% vs 14.48% vs 18.15%, P < 0.001). Additionally, the median LOS in child cases was 9 (5−15) days, slightly exceeding that in adult/elderly cases.

Conclusions

Scars were common inducing factors of hospitalization and contributed greatly to the disease burden of children. More attention should be paid to those who are males, burn survivors, or skin-injured at extremities and perineum to improve therapeutic strategies and prognoses for paediatric scar patients.

中文翻译：

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儿童疤痕住院患者的流行病学和临床特征：一项回顾性研究

目标

描述儿科疤痕住院患者的流行病学和临床特征，以便制定疤痕儿童的治疗计划。

方法

在这项横断面研究中，通过医院质量监测系统（HQMS）数据库提取了2013年至2018年1064家三级医院收治疤痕治疗的患者数据。对儿童疤痕的人口统计学和临床​​特征进行统计分析，并与成人和老年疤痕病例进行比较。

结果

在这项研究中，分析了 53,741 例儿童疤痕病例，占所有因疤痕住院的 30.29%。与成人和老年人相比，有疤痕的儿童以男性为主（62.27% vs 50.98% vs 49.85%，P < 0.001），且易发生烫伤（37.10%）和手术干预（34.11%）。虽然头皮/面部/颈部是最常见的受影响部位，但疤痕累及上肢（27.88% vs 21.69% vs 7.28%，P < 0.001）、下肢（15.14% vs 10.28% vs 6.56%，P < 0.001）的比例0.001）和会阴（4.59% vs 3.13% vs 2.65%，P < 0.001）儿童组高于其他两组。疤痕挛缩是儿童最常见的并发症（45.27%）。近66%的儿童疤痕病例在住院期间接受了手术治疗，其中病灶松解术是最常见的手术（56.35%）。儿童病例中瘢痕疙瘩比例相对低于其他两组（6.20% vs 14.48% vs 18.15%，P < 0.001）。此外，儿童病例的中位 LOS 为 9 (5−15) 天，略高于成人/老年人病例。

结论

疤痕是住院的常见诱发因素，极大地增加了儿童的疾病负担。应更多关注男性、烧伤幸存者或四肢和会阴皮肤损伤的患者，以改善儿童疤痕患者的治疗策略和预后。