This contribution argues in favour of the use of Article 83(2) TFEU to adopt a Directive criminalising failure of rescue at sea. We explain how and why the EU's legal duty to comply with its obligations under Article 98 of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea ought to translate into the adoption of a Directive requiring Member States to criminalise all action contrary to Article 98 UNCLOS on the basis of Article 83(2) TFEU. The criminalisation of failure to rescue at sea would not only allow for the EU to abide by the fundamental legal rules that shape its order but also be consistent with the two rationales that have guided European integration so far: a functional rationale, whereby the Union has competence to adopt criminal offences and impose criminal sanctions where approximation proves essential to ensuring the effective implementation of a Union policy in an area which has been subject to harmonisation measures, and a constitutional rationale, according to which criminal law is key to ensuring respect for EU common values and fundamental rights.

中文翻译：

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认真对待欧盟刑法的规范基础：欧盟将海上救援失败定为刑事犯罪的法律责任

该文稿支持使用 TFEU 第 83(2) 条通过一项指令，将海上救援失败定为刑事犯罪。我们解释了欧盟遵守《联合国海洋法公约》第 98 条规定的义务的法律义务如何以及为何应转化为通过一项指令，要求成员国将违反《联合国海洋法公约》第 98 条的所有行为定为刑事犯罪TFEU​​ 第 83(2) 条的基础。将海上救援失败定为刑事犯罪，不仅使欧盟能够遵守塑造其秩序的基本法律规则，而且与迄今为止指导欧洲一体化的两个基本原理相一致：功能性基本原理，