The increasing integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) into the distribution system has caused interference with the signals stimulated by high impedance faults (HIFs). Many existing HIF detection or location methods that are only based on the superficial nonlinearity features of signals rather than the deep laws, will become invalid. This paper proposes a detection and location scheme for HIFs by theoretically analyzing the relationships between signals and systems. By establishing the equivalent circuit of a resonant distribution system, an online method to calculate the kernel system parameters is proposed, based on which an adaptive criterion for HIF detection is provided. In this way, the ability to detect HIF is adequately exploited and independent of DER influences. The method is able to detect HIF over 8.5 kΩ\text{k}{\Omega } under common operating conditions. Furthermore, the nonlinearity of HIF is analyzed by deriving laws about how wideband signals distribute in the system. The 3rd3^{\mathrm{ rd}} harmonic component of zero-sequence signals is proved to be superior in HIF location in terms of signal content and discrimination, which is also demonstrated to be valid under the influence of DER harmonic injection. On this basis, a HIF location method utilizing the 3rd3^{\mathrm{ rd}} harmonic zero-sequence signals is proposed. The effectiveness of the method and its robustness to the DER interference are validated by simulated and field HIFs in 10kV systems.

中文翻译：

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基于宽带同步测量的集成 DER 的谐振配电系统高阻抗故障检测和定位


分布式能源（DER）越来越多地集成到配电系统中，导致对高阻抗故障（HIF）激发的信号产生干扰。现有的许多仅基于信号表面非线性特征而非深层规律的HIF检测或定位方法将变得无效。本文通过理论分析信号与系统之间的关系，提出了一种HIF检测与定位方案。通过建立谐振分配系统的等效电路，提出了一种在线计算内核系统参数的方法，并在此基础上提出了HIF检测的自适应准则。通过这种方式，检测 HIF 的能力得到充分利用，并且不受 DER 影响。该方法能够在常见操作条件下检测超过 8.5 kΩ\text{k}{\Omega } 的 HIF。此外，通过推导宽带信号在系统中如何分布的规律来分析 HIF 的非线性。零序信号的 3rd3^{\mathrm{ rd}} 谐波分量被证明在 HIF 定位中在信号内容和辨别力方面具有优越性，并且在 DER 谐波注入的影响下也被证明是有效的。在此基础上，提出了一种利用3rd3^{\mathrm{rd}}谐波零序信号的HIF定位方法。通过 10kV 系统中的模拟和现场 HIF 验证了该方法的有效性及其对 DER 干扰的鲁棒性。