High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are a family of novel multi-principal alloys containing >4 principal elements in equimolar ratios or nearly-equimolar ratios. The unique multiple-principal components bring in the high configurational entropy or mixing entropy, and some unique microstructures of HEAs. Consequently, many impressive properties of HEAs, including outstanding dynamical mechanical performance, have been reported successively. Under the instantaneous loading with high strain rates ($\dot{\epsilon }$ >10³ s⁻¹), dynamic-deformation mechanisms of materials are different from the static one, and the relevant influencing factors are complicated. To reveal the relationship between the unique microstructures of HEAs and their dynamic-mechanical properties, 76 articles published during the period of July 2015 to January 2023 have been reviewed in the present work. Firstly, the statistics and classification of all 61 reported HEAs are systematically done in terms of their processing, experimental method, theoretical model, phases and microstructures as well as the dynamic-mechanical properties. Secondly, theoretical models and deformation mechanism are summarized. The effects of dislocation motion, twinning, and phase transformation behavior on dynamic deformation of HEAs are discussed thoroughly. The adiabatic-shear behavior and its effect on dynamic deformation are also considered. The differences of dynamic-mechanical behavior as well as the relevant mechanisms between HEAs and traditional metallic materials are described. Finally, the potential application under dynamic loads of HEAs are demonstrated thoroughly. The present article additionally deals with the future research directions of dynamic-mechanical behaviors in order to develop novel high-performance HEAs.

高熵合金 (HEA) 是一类新型多主合金，其中包含等摩尔比或接近等摩尔比的 >4 种主要元素。独特的多主成分带来了高构型熵或混合熵，以及一些独特的 HEA 微观结构。因此，相继报道了 HEA 的许多令人印象深刻的特性，包括出色的动态机械性能。在具有高应变率的瞬时载荷下（$\dot{\epsilon }$ >10 ³秒^-1), 材料的动态变形机制与静态变形机制不同，相关影响因素复杂。为了揭示 HEA 独特的微观结构与其动态机械性能之间的关系，本文回顾了 2015 年 7 月至 2023 年 1 月期间发表的 76 篇文章。首先，对所有61种已报道的HEAs的加工、实验方法、理论模型、物相和微观结构以及动态力学性能进行了系统的统计和分类。其次，总结了理论模型和变形机理。详细讨论了位错运动、孪晶和相变行为对 HEA 动态变形的影响。还考虑了绝热剪切行为及其对动态变形的影响。描述了 HEA 与传统金属材料之间动态力学行为的差异以及相关机制。最后，彻底展示了​​ HEA 在动态负载下的潜在应用。本文还探讨了动态力学行为的未来研究方向，以开发新型高性能 HEA。