Constructed wetlands (CWs) are engineered environments designed to utilise natural processes to treat urban or industrial wastewater, with the core driver of the bioremediation process provided by the microorganisms present within. This study isolated 32 bacterial strains from sediment across the Sardar Bherry CW to find candidates with remediation properties and to understand how the physiochemical gradient from wastewater input influences the functional properties of the bacteria present. Bacterial isolates recovered closer to the wastewater effluence were more likely to be pathogenic, with increased haemolytic activity, causing high rates of fish mortality. In contrast, isolates recovered further from the wastewater source were observed to be non-pathogenic and have increased inhibitory effect against pathogenic strains. Extracellular proteins extracted from non-pathogenic isolates also appeared to be effective at inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, including multidrug resistant strains. Non-pathogenic isolates recovered across all sampling sites displayed the ability to reduce high levels of ammonia in solution during laboratory testing. Antibiogram assays of the recovered isolates showed a relatively high rate of multidrug resistant or marginally resistant bacteria across all sampling sites, highlighting a potential limitation within the CW bioremediation process in mitigating antibiotic resistant strains. This isolate based study provided an avenue to understand the influence of spatial succession from wastewater effluence on bacterial characteristics, as well as obtain candidates that can be further investigated for optimisation in bioremediation efforts. The cultured isolates can supplement future environmental sequencing studies by providing wet lab specimens to compare (meta)genomic information discovered within the CW ecosystem.

人工湿地 (CW) 是一种工程环境，旨在利用自然过程处理城市或工业废水，其中存在的微生物提供生物修复过程的核心驱动力。这项研究从 Sardar Bherry CW 的沉积物中分离出 32 种细菌菌株，以寻找具有修复特性的候选菌株，并了解废水输入的物理化学梯度如何影响存在的细菌的功能特性。在靠近废水排放处回收的细菌分离物更可能具有致病性，溶血活性增加，导致鱼类死亡率高。相比之下，观察到从废水源中进一步回收的分离物是非致病性的，并且对致病菌株的抑制作用增强。从非致病性分离物中提取的细胞外蛋白似乎也能有效抑制致病菌的生长，包括多重耐药菌株。在所有采样点回收的非致病性分离物显示出在实验室测试期间降低溶液中高浓度氨的能力。回收分离物的抗菌谱分析表明，在所有采样点，多重耐药或轻微耐药细菌的比例相对较高，突出了 CW 生物修复过程在减轻抗生素耐药菌株方面的潜在局限性。这项基于分离物的研究提供了一种途径来了解废水排放的空间演替对细菌特性的影响，以及获得可以进一步研究以优化生物修复工作的候选人。培养的分离物可以通过提供湿实验室标本来比较 CW 生态系统中发现的（元）基因组信息，从而补充未来的环境测序研究。