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Inter-Island production variability and Pre-Contact carrying capacity estimates: A geospatial analysis of taro farming in Rurutu, (Austral Islands, French Polynesia)
Journal of Anthropological Archaeology ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2023.101487
Claudia Escue , Jennifer G. Kahn

Our study explores pre-contact taro cultivation in pondfield irrigation systems on Rurutu (Austral Islands, French Polynesia). Understanding the size and extent of these systems is critical for estimating pre-contact human population, the ability to produce surplus, and socio-political dynamics. Since peak taro cultivation occurred across Polynesia prior to its historic documentation, the extent of wetland cultivation must be estimated from other sources. We explore pre-contact ecology and population levels on Rurutu using Landsat imagery and geospatial suitability analysis to estimate the maximum extent of the island’s pondfield irrigation systems. A primary goal was to develop an intra-island comparison of probable annual yields of taro to model pre-contact population sizes and their distribution at the system and socio-political district scales. Our model indicates the likely presence of 20 dormant taro systems on Rurutu. Our results point to significant intra-island differences of taro production on the island in the pre-contact era. We suggest that Rurutu’s Open socio-political structure was maintained, in part, by unequally dispersed arable taro land throughout the island which contributed to intra-island differences in annual yields and population densities resulting in endemic pre-contact warfare. We end by linking our data to ongoing conversations regarding resilience in Oceania and beyond.



中文翻译:

岛间生产变异性和接触前承载能力估计:Rurutu(澳大利亚群岛,法属波利尼西亚)芋头种植的地理空间分析

我们的研究探索了 Rurutu(澳大利亚群岛,法属波利尼西亚)池塘灌溉系统中的接触前芋头种植。了解这些系统的规模和范围对于估计接触前人口、生产盈余的能力和社会政治动态至关重要。由于波利尼西亚的芋头种植高峰出现在其历史记录之前,因此必须从其他来源估计湿地种植的范围。我们使用 Landsat 图像和地理空间适宜性分析来探索 Rurutu 的接触前生态和人口水平,以估计岛上池塘灌溉系统的最大范围。一个主要目标是对芋头的可能年产量进行岛内比较,以模拟接触前的人口规模及其在系统和社会政治区尺度上的分布。我们的模型表明 Rurutu 上可能存在 20 个休眠的芋头系统。我们的结果表明,在接触前时代,岛上芋头生产存在显着的岛内差异。我们认为,Rurutu 开放的社会政治结构在一定程度上是由全岛不均匀分布的芋头耕地维持的,这导致了岛内年产量和人口密度的差异,导致地方性接触前战争。最后,我们将我们的数据与正在进行的有关大洋洲及其他地区复原力的对话联系起来。整个岛上的芋头耕地分布不均,造成岛内年产量和人口密度的差异,导致地方性接触前战争。最后,我们将我们的数据与正在进行的有关大洋洲及其他地区复原力的对话联系起来。整个岛上的芋头耕地分布不均,造成岛内年产量和人口密度的差异,导致地方性接触前战争。最后,我们将我们的数据与正在进行的有关大洋洲及其他地区复原力的对话联系起来。

更新日期:2023-02-16
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