Genetic susceptibility is one of the most important causes of otitis media (OM). Mutant Galnt2 homozygote (Galnt2tm1Lat/tm1Lat) mimics human otitis media in comparable pathology and causes hearing loss. Otitis media is characterized by effusion and dysregulated mucosa proliferation and capillary expansion in the middle ear cavity, which is associated with hearing loss. The mucociliary dysfunction could be seen in the middle ear cavity (MEC) in a patient harboring the disease that develops in severity with age by a scanning electron microscope. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), Muc5ac, and Muc5b upregulate the expression in the middle ear, which correlates with inflammation, craniofacial development, and mucin secretion. The mouse model with a mutation in the Galnt2 (Galnt2tm1Lat/tm1Lat) was explored in this study as a novel model of human otitis media.

中文翻译：

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Galnt2tm1Lat/tm1Lat 基因的新型小鼠突变体在中耳炎中的作用

遗传易感性是中耳炎（OM）的最重要原因之一。突变体高尔特2纯合子（高尔特2tm1Lat/tm1Lat）在类似的病理学中模仿人类中耳炎并导致听力损失。中耳炎的特征是中耳腔积液、粘膜增殖失调和毛细血管扩张，这与听力损失有关。通过扫描电子显微镜，可以在患有这种疾病的患者的中耳腔（MEC）中看到粘液纤毛功能障碍，并且随着年龄的增长，粘膜纤毛功能障碍会变得越来越严重。肿瘤坏死因子 α (TNF-α)、转化生长因子 β 1 (TGF-β1)、Muc5ac 和 Muc5b 上调中耳中的表达，这与炎症、颅面发育和粘蛋白分泌相关。具有突变的小鼠模型高尔特2（高尔特2tm1Lat/tm1Lat）在本研究中被探索作为人类中耳炎的新模型。