The fallacy fallacy is either the misdiagnosis of fallacy or the supposition that the conclusion of a fallacy must be a falsehood. This paper explores the relevance of these and related errors of reasoning for the appraisal of arguments, especially within virtue theories of argumentation. In particular, the fallacy fallacy exemplifies the Owl of Minerva problem, whereby tools devised to understand a norm make possible new ways of violating the norm. Fallacies are such tools and so are vices. Hence a similar problem arises with argumentative vices. Fortunately, both instances of the problem have a common remedy.

中文翻译：

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谬误谬误：从密涅瓦的猫头鹰到阿瑞特的云雀

谬误谬误要么是对谬误的误诊，要么是假设谬误的结论一定是错误的。本文探讨了这些以及相关的推理错误与论证评估的相关性，尤其是在论证的美德理论中。尤其是，谬误谬误体现了密涅瓦猫头鹰问题，即设计用来理解规范的工具使违反规范的新方法成为可能。谬论就是这样的工具，恶习也是。因此，争论的恶习也会出现类似的问题。幸运的是，这两种情况都有一个共同的补救措施。