Patterns of insecure attachment are associated with psychopathology but the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Cognitive science proposes that attachment patterns are influenced by the autobiographical memory system and in turn influence its ongoing functioning. Disturbances in autobiographical memory represent cognitive risks for later emotional difficulties. We systemically reviewed 33 studies (in 28 articles) examining the association between attachment patterns and autobiographical episodic memory (AEM) in individuals from the age of 16 (i.e., from young to older adulthood). Attachment patterns were associated with key areas of AEM phenomenology, including intensity and arousal; detail, specificity, and vividness; coherence and fragmentation; and accuracy and latency. These associations appeared to be moderated by contextual and individual factors; mediated by emotional regulation and schema-based processing; linked to mental health outcomes. Attachment patterns may also influence the impact of certain AEM-based manipulations. We conclude by providing a critical discussion and a research agenda for bringing together attachment, memory, and emotion, with a view to promote mechanism-driven treatment innovation in clinical psychology.

不安全依恋的模式与精神病理学有关，但所涉及的机制仍然知之甚少。认知科学提出，依恋模式受到自传体记忆系统的影响，进而影响其持续运作。自传体记忆的紊乱代表了日后情绪困难的认知风险。我们系统地回顾了 33 项研究（共 28 篇文章），这些研究考察了 16 岁（即从青年期到老年期）个体的依恋模式与自传式情景记忆 (AEM) 之间的关联。依恋模式与 AEM 现象学的关键领域相关，包括强度和唤醒；细节、具体、生动；连贯性和碎片化；以及准确性和延迟。这些关联似乎受到背景和个人因素的调节；由情绪调节和基于图式的处理介导；与心理健康结果相关。依恋模式也可能影响某些基于 AEM 的操作的影响。最后，我们提供了一个批判性的讨论和一个研究议程，将依恋、记忆和情感结合在一起，以期促进临床心理学中机制驱动的治疗创新。