In the past decade, the implementation of immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has determined a major change in the management of oncological patients. The challenges associated to the new therapeutic regimen have promoted adapted criteria for response assessment to interpret imaging findings and atypical patterns of response. Parallel to the new morphological criteria, also ¹⁸fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission/computed tomography imaging has required novel approaches and specific guidelines on how to perform, interpret, and report the scan in patients with solid tumors under immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy. A summary of the novelties related to the new joint international European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)/Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI)/Australian and New Zealand Society of Nuclear Medicine (ANZSNM) guidelines on immunotherapy is provided herein to elucidate most critical aspects in image interpretation.

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EANM/SNMMI/ANZSNM 免疫治疗联合指南的创新之处

在过去十年中，检查点抑制剂免疫疗法的实施决定了肿瘤患者管理的重大变化。与新治疗方案相关的挑战促进了反应评估的适应标准，以解释影像学发现和非典型反应模式。与新的形态学标准平行，还有¹⁸氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射/计算机断层扫描成像需要新的方法和具体的指南来指导如何对接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的实体瘤患者进行、解释和报告扫描。本文提供了与新的国际欧洲核医学协会 (EANM)/核医学和分子影像学会 (SNMMI)/澳大利亚和新西兰核医学协会 (ANZSNM) 联合免疫治疗指南相关的新颖性摘要，以阐明图像解释中最关键的方面。