ABSTRACT

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is used to solve water hammer equations for pipeline systems due to its potential advantages of easily capturing column separation and slug impact. Currently, the SPH-based water hammer model has been only developed to simulate single pipe flow with simple boundary conditions. It is still a challenge to apply the SPH-based water hammer model to practical water distribution systems (WDSs). To address this issue, this study develops a complete SPH-based Water Hammer model for Water Distribution System (SPH-WHWDS). Within the proposed method, the complex internal and external boundary condition treatment models of the multi-pipe joint junction and different hydraulic components are developed. Buffer and mirror particles are designed for boundary treatment coupling with the method of characteristics (MOC). Two benchmark test cases, including an unsteady pipe flow experiment and a complex WDS, are used to validate the proposed model, with the data from the experimental test in the literature and the simulation results by the classical MOC. The results show the proposed SPH-WHWDS model is capable to simulate transient flows with accurate and robust results for pipeline systems, which may provide further insights and an alternative tool to study water hammer phenomena in complex WDSs.

摘要

平滑粒子流体动力学 (SPH) 方法由于其易于捕获柱分离和段塞冲击的潜在优势而被用于求解管道系统的水锤方程。目前，基于 SPH 的水锤模型仅开发用于模拟具有简单边界条件的单管流。将基于 SPH 的水锤模型应用于实际配水系统 (WDS) 仍然是一个挑战。为了解决这个问题，本研究开发了一个完整的基于 SPH 的配水系统水锤模型 (SPH-WHWDS)。在所提出的方法中，开发了多管接头接头和不同液压元件的复杂内部和外部边界条件处理模型。缓冲粒子和镜像粒子被设计用于与特征方法（MOC）耦合的边界处理。两个基准测试案例，包括一个不稳定的管道流实验和一个复杂的 WDS，用于验证所提出的模型，以及来自文献中的实验测试的数据和经典 MOC 的模拟结果。结果表明，所提出的 SPH-WHWDS 模型能够模拟瞬态流，并为管道系统提供准确而稳健的结果，这可能为研究复杂 WDS 中的水锤现象提供进一步的见解和替代工具。