当前位置: X-MOL 学术Lancet › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Efficacy of pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLINs compared with pyrethroid-only LLINs for malaria control in Benin: a cluster-randomised, superiority trial
The Lancet ( IF 98.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-01-24 , DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)02319-4
Manfred Accrombessi 1 , Jackie Cook 2 , Edouard Dangbenon 3 , Boulais Yovogan 3 , Hilaire Akpovi 3 , Arthur Sovi 1 , Constantin Adoha 3 , Landry Assongba 3 , Aboubacar Sidick 3 , Bruno Akinro 3 , Razaki Ossè 3 , Filémon Tokponnon 3 , Rock Aïkpon 4 , Aurore Ogouyemi-Hounto 4 , Germain Gil Padonou 3 , Immo Kleinschmidt 5 , Louisa A Messenger 1 , Mark Rowland 1 , Corine Ngufor 1 , Natacha Protopopoff 1 , Martin C Akogbeto 3
Affiliation  

New classes of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) combining mixtures of insecticides with different modes of action could put malaria control back on track after rebounds in transmission across sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated the relative efficacy of pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid LLINs and chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLINs compared with standard LLINs against malaria transmission in an area of high pyrethroid resistance in Benin. We conducted a cluster-randomised, superiority trial in Zou Department, Benin. Clusters were villages or groups of villages with a minimum of 100 houses. We used restricted randomisation to randomly assign 60 clusters to one of three LLIN groups (1:1:1): to receive nets containing either pyriproxyfen and alpha-cypermethrin (pyrethroid), chlorfenapyr and alpha-cypermethrin, or alpha-cypermethrin only (reference). Households received one LLIN for every two people. The field team, laboratory staff, analyses team, and community members were masked to the group allocation. The primary outcome was malaria case incidence measured over 2 years after net distribution in a cohort of children aged 6 months–10 years, in the intention-to-treat population. This study is ongoing and is registered with , . Between May 23 and June 24, 2019, 53 854 households and 216 289 inhabitants were accounted for in the initial census and included in the study. Between March 19 and 22, 2020, 115 323 LLINs were distributed to 54 030 households in an updated census. A cross-sectional survey showed that study LLIN usage was highest at 9 months after distribution (5532 [76·8%] of 7206 participants), but decreased by 24 months (4032 [60·6%] of 6654). Mean malaria incidence over 2 years after LLIN distribution was 1·03 cases per child-year (95% CI 0·96–1·09) in the pyrethroid-only LLIN reference group, 0·84 cases per child-year (0·78–0·90) in the pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid LLIN group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·86, 95% CI 0·65–1·14; p=0·28), and 0·56 cases per child-year (0·51–0·61) in the chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLIN group (HR 0·54, 95% CI 0·42–0·70; p<0·0001). Over 2 years, chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLINs provided greater protection from malaria than pyrethroid-only LLINs in an area with pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes. Pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid LLINs conferred protection similar to pyrethroid-only LLINs. These findings provide crucial second-trial evidence to enable WHO to make policy recommendations on these new LLIN classes. This study confirms the importance of chlorfenapyr as an LLIN treatment to control malaria in areas with pyrethroid-resistant vectors. However, an arsenal of new active ingredients is required for successful long-term resistance management, and additional innovations, including pyriproxyfen, need to be further investigated for effective vector control strategies. UNITAID, The Global Fund.

中文翻译:


吡丙醚-拟除虫菊酯长效杀虫蚊帐 (LLIN) 和溴虫腈-拟除虫菊酯 LLIN 与仅使用拟除虫菊酯的 LLIN 在贝宁控制疟疾方面的功效:一项整群随机、优效性试验



新型长效杀虫蚊帐(LLIN)结合了不同作用方式的杀虫剂混合物,可以在撒哈拉以南非洲地区传播反弹后使疟疾控制重回正轨。我们评估了吡丙醚-拟除虫菊酯 LLIN 和氯芬吡-拟除虫菊酯 LLIN 与标准 LLIN 相比,在贝宁高拟除虫菊酯耐药性地区预防疟疾传播的相对功效。我们在贝宁的 Zou 省进行了一项整群随机、优效性试验。集群是指至少有 100 栋房屋的村庄或村庄组。我们使用限制性随机化将 60 个簇随机分配到三个 LLIN 组之一 (1:1:1):接收含有吡丙醚和高效氯氰菊酯(拟除虫菊酯)、氯芬那吡和高效氯氰菊酯或仅含有高效氯氰菊酯的蚊帐(参考)。每两个家庭获得一份 LLIN。现场团队、实验室工作人员、分析团队和社区成员对小组分配情况不知情。主要结局是在意向治疗人群中 6 个月至 10 岁儿童队列中净分布后 2 年内测量的疟疾病例发病率。这项研究正在进行中,并已在 , 注册。 2019年5月23日至6月24日期间,首次人口普查涵盖了53 854户家庭和216 289名居民,并纳入了这项研究。在更新的人口普查中,2020 年 3 月 19 日至 22 日期间,115 323 份 LLIN 分发给了 54 030 个家庭。一项横断面调查显示,研究 LLIN 使用率在分发后 9 个月时最高(7206 名参与者中的 5532 名 [76·8%]),但在 24 个月后下降(6654 名参与者中的 4032 名 [60·6%])。 在仅使用拟除虫菊酯的 LLIN 参考组中,LLIN 分发后 2 年内平均疟疾发病率为每儿童年 1·03 例(95% CI 0·96–1·09),每儿童年 0·84 例(0·84 例)。 78–0·90) 在吡丙醚-拟除虫菊酯 LLIN 组中(风险比 [HR] 0·86,95% CI 0·65–1·14;p=0·28),每儿童年 0·56 例(0·51–0·61) 在氟虫腈-拟除虫菊酯 LLIN 组中(HR 0·54,95% CI 0·42–0·70;p<0·0001)。两年多来,在存在拟除虫菊酯抗性蚊子的地区,氯芬吡-拟除虫菊酯 LLIN 比仅使用拟除虫菊酯的 LLIN 提供了更好的疟疾保护。吡丙醚-拟除虫菊酯 LLIN 提供与仅拟除虫菊酯 LLIN 类似的保护。这些发现提供了重要的二审证据,使世卫组织能够就这些新的 LLIN 类别提出政策建议。这项研究证实了氯芬那吡作为 LLIN 治疗方法对于在拟除虫菊酯耐药媒介地区控制疟疾的重要性。然而,成功的长期耐药性管理需要一系列新的活性成分,并且需要进一步研究包括吡丙醚在内的其他创新,以制定有效的病媒控制策略。国际药品采购机制,全球基金。
更新日期:2023-01-24
down
wechat
bug